摘要
为深入分析高速滑翔飞行器在飞行全过程下的光学窗口受力情况,基于有限元流固耦合分析方法,对飞行器绕流场的瞬态特性进行数值仿真分析,获取了飞行器绕流场的非定常温度分布与压力分布特性,并将CFD数值解作为边界条件,对光学窗口的力热响应特性展开研究,揭示了光窗温度场与应力场的变化规律。此外,采用参数化对比方法,系统探讨了不同厚度(4~8 mm)和结构形式(球形与平板)对光学窗口力热响应特性的影响。研究发现,随着光学窗口厚度的增加,光窗平均应力呈现先增大后减小的趋势,为厚度优化设计提供了依据。在结构形式方面,相较于球形窗口,平板窗口的力、热载荷分布不均匀,高温、高压区域占比更大,在飞行35 s后,其平均应力较球形窗口增大了153%。以上结论有效避免了设计中的盲目性,为高速飞行器光学窗口的理论研究与工程实践提供了参考。
To thoroughly analyze the mechanical and thermal responses of optical windows in high-speed gliding vehicles during the entire flight process,this study employs a finite element fluid-structure coupling analysis method.Transient numerical simulations of the vehicle's flow field were conducted to obtain unsteady temperature and pressure distribution characteristics.Using CFD numerical solutions as boundary conditions,the thermomechanical response characteristics of the optical window were investigated,revealing the evolution patterns of its temperature and stress fields.In addition through parametric comparative analysis,the effects of different thicknesses(4~8 mm)and structural configurations(spherical vs.planar)on the window's thermomechanical behavior were systematically examined.The results demonstrate that as window thickness increases,the average stress exhibits a trend of initial increase followed by decrease,providing critical insights for thickness optimization.Regarding structural configurations,planar windows showed 153%higher average stress than spherical counterparts after 35 seconds of flight,with notably uneven thermal/mechanical load distribution and larger high-temperature/high-pressure regions in planar designs.These findings effectively eliminate design uncertainties and provide valuable theoretical and engineering references for optical window development in high-speed aerospace applications.
作者
马思宇
马霖
闫磊
胡铭钰
MA Siyu;MA Lin;YAN Lei;HU Mingyu(Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing for Optical Systems,Changchun 130033)
出处
《长春理工大学学报(自然科学版)》
2025年第2期24-33,共10页
Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)
关键词
光学窗口
流固耦合
气动热
力热响应
optical windows
fluid structure coupling
aero-thermal
force-thermal response
