摘要
小麦秆锈病是最主要的小麦病害之一,含有抗病基因Sr31品种的推广利用可使该病害得到有效控制。为了明确河南省小麦品种抗秆锈性及抗病基因Sr31在品种中的分布,本研究用我国小麦秆锈菌优势小种21C3CTHQM和34MKGQM,在2023年和2024年对收集的河南省36份小麦品种进行了成株期抗秆锈性评价,并用全球广泛利用的抗秆锈病基因Sr31紧密连锁的分子标记Iag 95和SCSS 30.2_(576)进行了检测。结果表明,在2年的抗性评价中没有同时对21C3CTHQM和34MKGQM表现免疫的品种,对21C3CTHQM表现为免疫仅有‘郑麦916’,对34MKGQM表现为免疫有‘百农成竹21’‘新麦78’‘郑麦28’‘平安20’等4份材料。在供试品种(系)中有14份材料(38.9%)在2年间至少对供试的1个小种表现为中感或感病,其余材料表现为中抗-抗病。分子检测结果表明,17份材料携带抗病基因Sr31。供试河南省小麦材料中约25%的品种对当前中国的2个优势小种表现感病,如菌源充足,小麦秆锈病可能会再次暴发。
Wheat stem rust is one of the most destructive wheat diseases.The promotion and utilization of varieties containing the resistance gene Sr31 could effectively control the disease.In order to determine the stem rust resistance of varieties and distribution of resistance gene Sr31 in cultivars in Henan province,the resistance of 36 wheat varieties collected in 2023 and 2024 to adult plant stem rust were evaluated using 21C3CTHQM and 34MKGQM,two dominant races of Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici in China.And two molecular markers,Iag 95 and SCSS 30.2_(576)closely linked to Sr31,widely used stem rust resistance gene,were detected.The two-year resistance evaluation revealed that no variety was immune to 21C3CTHQM and 34MKGQM at the same time,only one variety‘Zhengmai 916’was immune to 21C3CTHQM,and four varieties‘Bainongchengzhu 21’‘Xinmai 78’‘Zhengmai 28’and‘Ping’an 20’were immune to 34MKGQM.Fourteen materials(38.9%)showed moderately susceptible or susceptible to at least one race of P.graminis f.sp.tritici,and the rest varieties showed moderately resistant or resistant.Seventeen varieties carried Sr31 gene.25%varieties tested in Henan province are susceptible to the two dominant races of P.graminis f.sp.tritici in China.If the inoculum source is sufficient,wheat stem rust may break out again.
作者
孙振宇
魏艺凡
孙会言
邹龙梅
张功俊
李天亚
SUN Zhenyu;WEI Yifan;SUN Huiyan;ZOU Longmei;ZHANG Gongjun;LI Tianya(Institute of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Plant Protection,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)
出处
《植物保护》
北大核心
2025年第3期360-365,404,共7页
Plant Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金(31160498)。
关键词
小麦秆锈病
抗性评价
抗病基因Sr31
分子检测
wheat stem rust
resistance evaluation
disease resistant gene Sr31
molecular detection
