摘要
为了解禽传染性支气管炎(Infectious Bronchitis,IB)在北京市鸡群中的流行情况,本研究于2024年对北京市主要养殖区域养殖场(户)开展了两轮调查,共计调查了12个规模鸡场和10个散养户。本研究通过综合分析现场调查、病理剖解、禽传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious Bronchitis Virus,IBV)抗体ELISA检测、IBV实时荧光RTPCR检测的结果,判定6个场(户)正感染或感染过IBV,占调查场(户)数的27%(6/22)。其中,散养户5个,规模场1个,鸡群感染IBV的散养户占感染场(户)的83%(5/6)。实施IB疫苗免疫的调查场(户)中,IBV感染率为11%(2/18);未实施IB疫苗免疫的调查场(户)中,IBV感染率为100%(4/4),均为散养户。提示北京市部分散养户因鸡群未实施IB免疫,其鸡群IBV感染风险较高。两轮调查的7个区中,顺义区、房山区、昌平区、延庆区存在IBV感染场(户),提示北京地区IBV污染面较广。顺义区在两轮调查中均出现了IBV感染场(户),提示顺义区鸡群IBV感染风险持续存在。建议进一步加强北京地区IBV临床毒株分型研究,为北京地区IB的科学有效防控提供参考依据;建议加强对商品鸡场和散养户生物安全防控相关工作指导,增强其生物安全意识,提高其疫病防控能力。
To understand the prevalence of avian infectious bronchitis(IB)in chicken flocks in Beijing,two rounds of investigations were conducted in major poultry farming areas in Beijing in 2024,covering a total of 12 large-scale chicken farms and 10 free-range households.Through a comprehensive analysis of on-site investigations,pathological dissections,IBV antibody ELISA tests,and IBV real-time fluorescence RT-PCR tests,it was determined that 6 farms(households)were currently or had previously been infected with IBV,accounting for 27%(6/22)of the surveyed farms(households).Among them,5 were free-range households and 1 was a large-scale farm.The proportion of free-range households infected with IBV among the infected farms(households)was 83%(5/6).Among the surveyed farms(households)that had implemented IB vaccination,the IBV infection rate was 11%(2/18);among those that had not implemented IB vaccination,the IBV infection rate was 100%(4/4),all of which were free-range households.This suggests that some free-range households in Beijing have a higher risk of IBV infection due to the lack of IB vaccination in their flocks.Among the 7 districts surveyed in both rounds,IBV-infected farms(households)were found in Shunyi District,Fangshan District,Changping District,and Yanqing District,indicating a wide spread of IBV contamination in the Beijing area.There were IBV infection sites(households)in Shunyi District during the two rounds of surveys,suggesting that the risk of IBV infection in chicken flocks in Shunyi District persists.It is recommended to further strengthen the research on the typing of IBV clinical strains in the Beijing area,providing a reference basis for the scientific and effective prevention and control of IBV in the region.It is also recommended that more guidance be provided on the biosecurity prevention and control related work in commercial chicken farms and free-range households,to enhance their biosecurity awareness and improve their disease prevention and control capabilities.
作者
吴惠明
罗伏兵
张启龙
高晓龙
王培
马志军
郑雪莹
张硕
刘晓冬
WU Huiming;LUO Fubing;ZHANG Qilong;GAO Xiaolong;WANG Pei;MA Zhijun;ZHENG Xueying;ZHANG Shuo;LIU Xiaodong(Beijing Center for Animal Disease Prevent and Control,Beijing 102629,China)
出处
《中国兽医卫生》
2025年第3期20-26,共7页
China Veterinary Hygiene
基金
北京市家禽创新团队2024年项目(BAIC06-2024)。
关键词
禽传染性支气管炎
调查
感染
avian infectious bronchitis
survey
infection
