摘要
挖掘可靠性研究中,软件故障总数对测试资源分配、可靠性变动影响以及最优发布等具有重要意义,但迄今为止鲜有从故障总数的角度进行可靠性研究。针对贴近真实测试环境的不完美排错等问题,对软件中故障总数相关的可靠性增长模型进行深入研究和系统述评。首先,对软件可靠性增长模型SRGM(Software Reliability Growth Model)进行评述,给出研究主题、本质与技术内涵,引出软件中故障总数分析。从排错的不完全角度引入不同的新故障模型视角,建立不完美排错模型,分类研究多种情况下软件中故障总数与累积检测到的故障数量二者的变动情况。然后,从排错的不完全性与引入新故障的角度,建立统一的二元一阶不完美排错微分方程组描述软件测试过程,求解得到相应的故障总数与累积检测故障数量表达式。对上述两大类情况下不完美排错模型在多个真实计算机工程系统失效数据集上进行验证,从拟合与预测角度分析不同模型的性能,进而分析软件中故障总数对可靠性的影响。结果表明,故障总数对可靠性模型具有明显影响,其自身性能能够支撑可靠性的增长与性能提升。最后,指出了下一步研究挑战与亟待解决的问题。
In the reliability research,the total number of software faults is crucial for allocating testing resources,assessing reliability changes,and determining optimal release times.However,there has been limited research from the perspective of total faults counts thus far.This study delves deeply into reliability growth models related to the total number of faults in software,particularly in environments that closely mimic real testing scenarios,including imperfect debugging.Initially,the study reviews the software reliability growth model(SRGM),outlining its main themes,essence,and technical content,and introduces analysis of total failures in software.It incorporates models that introduce new faults from the perspective of imperfect debugging,and establishes an imperfect debugging model to categorize the dynamics of total failures and cumulative detected failures under various conditions.Subsequently,from the perspectives of imperfect debugging and the introduction of new faults,a unified binary first-order imperfect debugging system of differential equations is developed to describe the software testing process.Solutions are derived for expressions of total failures and cumulative detected failures.The performance of these models is validated against multiple real-world computer engineering system faults datasets,analyzing their fit and predictive capabilities,thereby assessing the impact of total failures on reliability variations.The results indicate that the total number of failures significantly influences the reliability models and supports the growth and performance enhancement of reliability.Finally,this paper highlights forthcoming research challenges and pressing issues that need to be addressed.
作者
张策
孙智超
纪可行
王金勇
王宇彬
ZHANG Ce;SUN Zhichao;JI Kexing;WANG Jinyong;WANG Yubin(School of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin Institute ofTechnology,Weihai,Weihai,Shandong 264209,China;Huawei Nanjing Research Institute,Nanjing 210000,China;School of Automation and Software Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)
出处
《计算机科学》
北大核心
2025年第6期21-34,共14页
Computer Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(62373119)
2021年度山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2021MF067)
山西省基础研究计划(201801D121120)
威海市科技发展计划项目(ITEAZMZ001807)。
关键词
可靠性
软件可靠性增长模型
可靠性建模
总故障个数
不完美排错
Reliability
Software reliability growth model
Reliability modeling
Total number of faults
Imperfect debugging
