摘要
视网膜的微循环和脑小血管具有相似性。视网膜是中枢神经系统的一部分,并且可以直接观察到,加之其清晰的结构分层,使视网膜成为研究中枢神经系统病理生理学的理想模型。神经退行性变性疾病是一组由神经元变性或髓鞘缺失而引起的慢性疾病,当前主要结合患者的临床症状和影像学检查进行诊断,往往确诊时已经出现了不可逆的神经系统损害,极大地影响患者的生存率和生活质量。光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)和光学相干断层扫描血管造影(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)能够提供视网膜、脉络膜以及视神经的结构和血流图像,可发现视网膜的细微病变,能直接或间接反映中枢神经系统的变化。了解近年来神经退行性疾病的OCT和OCTA表现可为早期识别和干预神经退行性疾病提供科学依据。
The retinal microcirculation shares many similarities with cerebral small vessels.As a directly observable part of the central nervous system with clearly defined structural layers,the retina serves as an ideal model for studying the pathophysiology of central nervous system disorders.Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of chronic conditions characterized by neuronal degeneration or demyelination.Currently,diagnosis is primarily based on clinical symptoms and imaging findings;however,by the time a definitive diagnosis is made,irreversible neurological damage has often already occurred,severely affecting patient survival and quality of life.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)can provide detailed structural and vascular imaging of the retina,choroid,and optic nerve,enabling detection of subtle retinal changes and offering a window into central nervous system alterations.Understanding the OCT and OCTA characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases in recent years can provide a scientific basis for their early identification and intervention.
作者
涂密密
彭立
谢青
TU Mimi;PENG Li;XIE Qing(Department of Ophthalmology,Haikou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University,Haikou 570208,China)
出处
《临床与病理杂志》
2025年第2期212-221,共10页
Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research
基金
海南省自然科学基金(821QN1005)
海南省卫生健康科技创新联合项目(WSJK2024MS187)
海南省重点研发-社会发展项目(ZDYF2020110)
海南省国际科技合作人才交流项目(G20230607013E)。
