摘要
在各种由爆破作业引起的危害中,爆破振动的危险性最大,对周围环境和结构安全构成显著威胁。为给爆破振动研究工作提供参考,首先回顾爆破振动理论在国内外的发展历程,详细介绍关键的理论研究进展和研究成果;在此基础上,总结爆破振动传播规律的研究现状,并对高程放大效应和空洞效应进行阐述;梳理不同国家关于爆破振动安全判据的标准。其次从能量源、传播介质和传播过程三个方面,对爆破振动控制技术进行细致的分类讨论,并介绍新型爆破技术在实际工程中的应用特点及其优势。最后对工程爆破技术的研究现状进行总结,指出现有研究在爆破振动衰减规律、安全判据制定以及爆破控制技术方面存在的不足,并对未来研究方向提出具体展望。
Among the various hazards induced by blasting operations,blasting vibration poses the highest risk,seriously threatening the safety of the surrounding environments and structures.To support further research on blasting vibration,this study first reviews the historical development of blasting vibration theories globally,detailing key theoretical advances and research findings.Building on this foundation,the current research on blasting vibration propagation laws is summarized,with specific emphasis on the elevation amplification effect and cavity effect.Safety criteria for blasting vibration across different national standards are systematically compared.Subsequently,control technologies for blasting vibration are categorized and analyzed from three perspectives:energy sources,propagation media,and propagation process,with innovative blasting technologies highlighted for their engineering applications and advantages.Finally,the paper identifies critical research gaps,such as limited understanding of vibration attenuation mechanisms,inconsistencies in safety criteria formulation,and constraints in adaptive control strategies.Future research directions are also discussed in detail.
作者
乔雄
黄锦聪
杨鑫
扈士静
QIAO Xiong;HUANG Jincong;YANG Xin;HU Shijing(Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu,China)
出处
《地震工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期751-766,共16页
China Earthquake Engineering Journal
基金
国家自然基金地区科学基金资助项目(51768041)。
关键词
爆破振动
衰减规律
安全判据
振动控制
研究进展
blasting vibration
attenuation laws
safety criteria
vibration control
research advances
