摘要
地形是影响山区森林植被分布的重要因素,探究岩溶山区森林转型特征及其对地形梯度的响应,有利于因地制宜进行山区生态建设。研究基于土地利用和归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据,运用地形分布指数和信息图谱等方法探讨贵州森林转型特征及其对地形梯度的响应。结果表明:1)从森林空间转型看,2000—2020年,林地面积增加745 km^(2),林地空间分布指数与坡度等级成正比,与高程等级成反比;各等级地形位上的土地利用结构整体稳定,其变化部分表现出“林进耕退”的特征。2)从森林功能转型看,研究期内NDVI退化和改善面积分别为8651 km^(2)和108722 km^(2),NDVI变化趋势大小依次为:轻微改善型>显著改善型>轻微退化型>极显著改善型>显著退化型,且退化型随地形梯度的增加而减小,改善型则随地形梯度的增加而扩大。研究表明,贵州省森林转型特征显著且地理分异较大,未来的生态建设应根据地形条件因地制宜促进森林面积扩张和提升森林营林质量。
Topography is an important factor affecting the distribution of forest vegetation in mountainous areas.Exploring the characteristics of forest transformation and its response to topographic gradient in karst mountainous areas is conducive to the ecological construction of mountainous areas according to local conditions.Based on the land use and normalized vegetation index(NDVI)data,this study used the terrain distribution index and information map to explore the characteristics of forest transition and its response to the terrain gradient in Guizhou.The results showed that:1)From the perspective of forest spatial transformation,from^(2)000 to 2020,the area of forest land increased by 745 km^(2),and the spatial distribution index of forest land was directly proportional to the slope grade and inversely proportional to the elevation grade.Moreover,the overall land use structure of each level of terrain is stable,and its change part shows the characteristics of"forest entering and farming retreating".2)During the study period,the areas of NDVI degradation and improvement were 8651 km^(2) and 108722 km^(2),respectively,and the change trend of NDVI was as follows:slight improvement>significant improvement>slight degradation>very significant increase>significant degradation.The degraded type decreases with the increase of topographic gradient,while the improved type expands with the increase of topographic gradient.This study shows that the forest transition characteristics in Guizhou Province are significant and the geographical differentiation is large,and the future ecological construction should promote the expansion of forest area and improve the quality of forest management according to topographic conditions.
作者
杨谍
赵宇鸾
杨顺富
YANG Die;ZHAO Yuluan;YANG Shunfu(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Karst Mountain Ecology and Environment Cultivation Base,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Ministry of Natural Resources,Guizhou Karst Mountain Land Ecology and Land Use Wild Scientific Observation and Research Station,Guanling,Guizhou 561301,China)
出处
《贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第3期33-42,50,共11页
Journal of Guizhou Normal University:Natural Sciences
基金
贵州省自然科学基金重点项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]重点027)
贵州科技创新基地建设项目(黔科合中引地〔2023〕005)。
关键词
森林转型
地形梯度分异
岩溶山区
生态建设
贵州省
forest transition
topographic gradient differentiation
karst mountainous areas
ecological construction
Guizhou Province
