摘要
目的探究我国中老年人衰弱状况及影响因素的区域差异。方法选取8983名2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)的45岁及以上中老年人,其中东部3224人,中部3105人,西部2654人。采用衰弱指数(FI)衡量中老年人衰弱状态(FI≤0.1为无衰弱,0.1~0.25为衰弱前,FI≥0.25为衰弱)。采用Logistic回归模型分析各地区中老年人衰弱状况的影响因素。结果中老年人的总体衰弱率为29.49%,东部为25.59%,中部为30.37%,西部为33.20%;衰弱前状态的发生率为56.47%,东、中、西部依次为57.10%、56.91%、55.20%。东、中、西部中老年人衰弱状况差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=70.477,P<0.001)。三个地区衰弱状况的影响因素存在共性和特性,年龄、受教育程度、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠时长是全国中老年人衰弱前或衰弱的共同影响因素(P均<0.05),居住地和社交活动分别是东部和中部中老年人衰弱的影响因素(OR=1.406,P=0.006;OR=1.505,P=0.004),代际经济支持是中西部地区中老年人衰弱的影响因素(OR=0.711,P=0.025;OR=0.716,P=0.033)。结论我国中老年人的区域间衰弱差异明显,中西部中老年人衰弱率较高,≥75岁、小学及以下、吸烟、睡眠时长<6 h、有代际经济支持的中西部中老年人衰弱状况更明显。。
Objective To explore the regional differences in the frailty status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly people in China.Methods A total of 8,983 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2018 were selected,including 3,224 from the eastern region,3,105 from the central region,and 2,654 from the western region.The frailty index(FI)was used to measure the frailty status of middle-aged and elderly people(FI≤0.1 indicates no frailty,0.1<FI<0.25 indicates pre-frailty,and FI≥0.25 indicates frailty).The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the differences in the frailty status and influencing factors among middle-aged and elderly people in each region.Results The overall frailty rate of middle-aged and elderly people was 29.49%,25.59% in the east,30.37% in the central region,and 33.20%in the west.The incidence of pre-frailty state was 56.47%,and in the east,central and western regions it was 57.10%,56.91%,and 55.20%respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the frailty status of middle-aged and elderly people in the eastern,central and western regions(χ^(2)=70.477,P<0.001).The influencing factors of frailty status in the three regions had commonalities and characteristics.Age,education level,smoking,drinking,and sleep duration were the common influencing factors for pre-frailty or frailty among middle-aged and elderly people nationwide(P<0.05).Place of residence and social activities were the independent influencing factors for frailty among middle-aged and elderly people in the eastern and central regions respectively(OR=1.406,P=0.006;OR=1.505,P=0.004).Intergenerational economic support was an influencing factor for frailty among middle-aged and elderly people in the central and western regions(OR=0.711,P=0.025;OR=0.719,P=0.033).Conclusion There are significant regional differences in frailty among middle-aged and elderly people in China.The frailty rates of middle-aged and elderly people in the central and western regions are relatively high.For middle-aged and elderly people in the central and western regions who are 75 years old or above,have an educational level of primary school or below,smoke,have a sleep duration of less than 6 hours,and receive intergenerational economic support,their frailty conditions are more evident.
作者
张淑灵
刘东
杨凯新
刘灿灿
ZHANG Shuling;LIU Dong;YANG Kaixin;LIU Cancan(School of Humanities and Management,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;City College,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710018,China)
出处
《宁夏医科大学学报》
2025年第5期523-529,540,共8页
Journal of Ningxia Medical University
基金
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(2023FRD05012)
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03244)。
关键词
中老年人
衰弱
影响因素
区域差异
middle-aged and elderly people
frailty
influencing factors
regional differences
