摘要
为明确滴灌量对春大豆根系生长和产量的影响规律,于2022、2023年田间设置1000(W_(1))、1400(W_(2))、1800(W_(3))、2200(W_(4))、2600 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W_(5))5种灌水处理,研究滴灌量对新农豆2号0~80 cm土层根干重、根长、根伤流量及产量的影响。结果表明,增加滴灌量显著增加0~80 cm土层总根干重、总侧根长,主要是0~40 cm土层根干重和侧根长度增加的结果,显著增加根系伤流量,最终增加大豆籽粒产量和水分利用效率。以W_(4)、W_(5)处理的根系总根干重、侧根总长、伤流量和产量较高,依次为65.40~87.30 g/m^(2)、2740.78~3089.39 m/m^(2)、1.57~1.63 g/(株·12 h)、5894.86~6422.53 kg/hm^(2),水分利用效率约为1.30 kg/m^(3)。在R6期,W_(4)处理总根干重、总侧根长及伤流量最高,较W_(1)处理分别增加43.76%、71.72%、65.21%。与W_(1)处理相比,W_(4)和W_(5)处理产量分别增加43.29%和48.53%,但W_(4)和W_(5)处理间差异不显著。与W_(4)处理相比,W_(5)处理水分利用效率降低4.54%~5.15%,表明W_(5)处理存在明显的灌溉报酬递减效应。本试验条件下,春大豆适宜的滴灌量为2200~2600 m^(3)/hm^(2),可稳定获得产量5894.86~6422.53 kg/hm^(2),水分利用效率为1.30 kg/m^(3)左右。
To clarify the influence law of drip irrigation amount on the root growth and yield of spring soybean,five irrigation treatments of 1000(W_(1)),1400(W_(2)),1800(W_(3)),2200(W_(4))and 2600 m^(3)/ha(W_(5))were set in 2022 and 2023.The effects of drip irrigation amount on root dry weight,root length,root exudation rate,and yield of Xinnongdou 2 in the soil layer of 0-80 cm was investigated.The result indicated that increasing the drip irrigation amount significantly increased the total root dry weight and the total lateral root length in the 0-80 cm soil layer,which was mainly the result of the increase in root dry weight and lateral root length in the 0-40 cm soil layer.It also significantly increased the root exudation rate.Consequently,soybean grain yield and water use efficiency were ultimately increased.The total root dry weight,lateral root length,exudation rate,and yield were higher in the W_(4) and W_(5) treatments,with values of 65.40-87.30 g/m^(2),2740.78-3089.39 m/m^(2),1.57-1.63[g/(plant·12 h)],and 5894.86-6422.53 kg/ha,respectively.The water use efficiency was approximately 1.30 kg/m^(3).At the R6 stage,the W_(4) treatment demonstrated the highest total root dry weight,total lateral root length,and root exudation rate,which increased by 43.76%,71.72%,and 65.21%,respectively,compared to the W_(1) treatment.The yields of W_(4) and W_(5) treatments increased by 43.29%and 48.53%relative to W_(1),but no significant difference was observed between W_(4) and W_(5) treatments.However,the water use efficiency of W_(5) decreased by 4.54%-5.15%compared to W_(4),indicating a pronounced diminishing return effect of irrigation under the W_(5) treatment.The optimal drip irrigation amount for spring soybean under the experimental conditions ranged from 2200-2600 m^(3)/ha.The corresponding yield was estimated to be between 5894.86-6422.53 kg/ha,with the water use efficiency of approximately 1.30 kg/m^(3).
作者
梁辉
章建新
薛丽华
贾珂珂
Liang Hui;Zhang Jianxin;Xue Lihua;Jia Keke(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2025年第3期233-240,共8页
Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金(32160520)
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项课题(2022A02008-1,2022A02008-2)。
关键词
春大豆
滴灌量
根系生长
水分利用效率
产量
Spring soybean
Drip irrigation amount
Root growth
Water use efficiency
Yield
