摘要
为明确种植密度和施氮量对广西稻区优质稻桂育12产量和米质的影响,并为其高产高效保优栽培提供理论依据和实践参考,分别于2021年早季和晚季在百色农业科学研究所试验基地进行双因素裂区田间试验。结果表明,试验条件下施氮量和种植密度对桂育12早、晚稻产量影响不显著;过多的施氮量会显著影响早、晚稻精米率、粒长、粒宽、长宽比、垩白度、垩白粒率、透明度和蛋白质含量等指标,导致外观品质下降;过高的种植密度会显著影响粒长、长宽比、透明度、蛋白质含量、直链淀粉含量等指标,导致外观和食味品质变差。生产上应协调产量和米质的关系,尽量选取适宜的施氮量与种植密度。本试验条件下,综合产量和米质,桂育12早稻最佳施氮量为120 kg/hm^(2),种植密度为1.8×10^(5)蔸/hm^(2),每蔸2株苗,可获得6.71×10^(3) kg/hm^(2)的产量;晚稻最佳施氮量为210 kg/hm^(2),种植密度为1.8×10^(5)蔸/hm^(2),每蔸2株苗,可获得6.72×10^(3) kg/hm^(2)的产量。
In order to clarify the effects of planting density and nitrogen application rate on the yield and rice quality of the high-quality rice Guiyu 12 in Guangxi rice region,and to provide theoretical reference and practical basis for its high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation,a double-factor split-plot field experiment was conducted in the early and late seasons of 2021 in the experimental base of Baise Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences.The results showed that nitrogen application rate and planting density had no significant effect on early and late rice yield of Guiyu 12.Excessive nitrogen application rate could significantly affect the milled rice rate,grain length,grain width,length-width ratio,chalkiness degree,chalkiness rate,transparency,and protein content indicators of early and late rice,leading to a decrease in appearance quality of rice.Excessive planting density could significantly affect grain length,length-width ratio,transparency,protein content,and amylose content indicators,leading to a deterioration in appearance and taste quality.In production,the relationship between yield and rice quality should be coordinated,and the appropriate nitrogen application amount and planting density should be selected.Under the conditions of this experiment,the optimal nitrogen application rate of Guiyu 12 early rice was 120 kg/ha,the planting density was 1.8×10^(5) holes/ha,with two seedlings per hole,and the yield of 6.71×10^(3) kg/ha could be obtained.The optimal nitrogen application rate of late rice was 210 kg/ha,the planting density was 1.8×10^(5) holes/ha,with two seedlings per hole,and the yield of 6.72×10^(3) kg/ha could be obtained.
作者
李虎
黄秋要
吴子帅
刘广林
陈传华
罗群昌
朱其南
Li Hu;Huang Qiuyao;Wu Zishuai;Liu Guanglin;Chen Chuanhua;Luo Qunchang;Zhu Qinan(Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding/Guangxi Talent Highland of High Quality Rice Breeding Research,Nanning 530007,Guangxi,China;Baise Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Baise 533000,Guangxi,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2025年第3期195-201,共7页
Crops
基金
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB23075129)
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068087)
广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室项目(2022-36-Z01-ZZ11)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项资助项目(桂农科2023YM64)。
关键词
水稻
种植密度
施氮量
桂育12
产量
米质
Rice
Planting density
Nitrogen application rate
Guiyu 12
Yield
Rice quality
