摘要
为探究紫云英—双季稻系统的减肥增效潜力,研究设置了冬闲+常规施肥(T1)、紫云英+常规施肥(T2)、紫云英+减氮20%(T3)、紫云英+减氮20%+10条蚯蚓(T4)、紫云英+减氮40%(T5)和紫云英+减氮40%+10条蚯蚓(T6)6个处理,研究了减氮条件下蚯蚓与紫云英共生对早稻光合特性、干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明:(1)相较T1,紫云英还田处理(T2~T6)的SPAD值明显提高;紫云英还田条件下,水稻各时期的SPAD值随减氮比例增加而降低;T4各时期的SPAD值与T2无显著差异;(2)水稻各时期的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均表现为T2>T4>T3>T6>T1>T5,且T4的各光合参数与T2无显著差异;(3)水稻成熟期T4的穗部干物重、植株干物重、茎鞘物质输出量和输出率均最高,分别为9.06 t/hm^(2)、14.53 t/hm^(2)、1.26 t/hm^(2)和26.24%,且T4的水稻产量与T2无显著差异。因此,蚯蚓与紫云英共生可增强早稻叶片的光合能力,促进茎鞘储藏物质向籽粒转移,在减氮20%条件下实现稳产。
This study aims to explore the fertilization reduction and efficiency improvement potential of the Chinese milk vetch–double cropping rice system.Six treatments were designed,including T1(winter fallow+conventional fertilizer application),T2(Chinese milk vetch+conventional fertilizer application),T3(Chinese milk vetch+20%nitrogen reduction),T4(Chinese milk vetch+20%nitrogen reduction+10 earthworms),T5(Chinese milk vetch+40%nitrogen reduction),and T6(Chinese milk vetch+40%nitrogen reduction+10 earthworms).The effects of symbiosis between earthworms and Chinese milk vetch on photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation,and yield of early rice under nitrogen reduction conditions were investigated.The results are described as follows.(1)Compared with T1,T2-T6 with Chinese milk vetch increased the SPAD value.Under the condition of planting Chinese milk vetch,the SPAD values of rice at all stages decreased with the increase in the nitrogen reduction ratio.The SPAD values at different stages in T4 had no significant difference from those in T2.(2)The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate of rice followed the trend of T2>T4>T3>T6>T1>T5,and the photosynthetic parameters had no significant difference between T4 and T2.(3)T4 had the highest dry matter weight of panicles,dry matter weight of plants,and stem sheath material output and output rate of rice at the maturity stage,which were 9.06 t/hm^(2),14.53 t/hm^(2),1.26 t/hm^(2),and 26.24%,respectively.The rice yield had no significant difference between T4 and T2.Therefore,the symbiosis between earthworms and Chinese milk vetch under 20%nitrogen reduction can enhance the photosynthetic characteristics of early rice leaves and promote the material transfer from stem sheath to grains,thereby reducing the risk of yield reduction caused by nitrogen reduction.
作者
李海容
郭勇
程凯凯
文丽
汪柯
唐海明
易镇邪
李超
LI Hai-rong;GUO Yong;CHENG Kai-kai;WEN Li;WANG Ke;TANG Hai-ming;YI Zhen-xie;LI Chao(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,PRC;Hunan Institute of Farmland and Agricultural Environment Ecology,Changsha 410125,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2025年第4期25-30,共6页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
湖南省农业科技创新项目(2024CX128)。
关键词
减氮
蚯蚓
紫云英
光合特性
水稻产量
共生
nitrogen reduction
earthworms
Chinese milk vetch
photosynthetic characteristics
rice yield
symbiosis
