摘要
【目的】研究海南吊罗山陆均松群落乔木的多样性特征及优势种空间分布格局,为保护海南山地雨林生物多样性提供参考依据。【方法】基于在海南吊罗山热带山地雨林建立的1 ha热带森林动态监测样地,对样地内进行乔木物种调查,记录及测量样地中所有树干胸径(DBH)≥3 cm乔木的种名、胸围、树高、冠幅、相对坐标位置等信息,分析陆均松群落乔木的组成、多样性特征、优势种空间分布格局及种间关系。【结果】海南吊罗山山地雨林陆均松群落共记录到乔木隶属于44科,其中包括壳斗科(11种)、五列木科(10种)、桃金娘科(9种)、冬青科(9种)、山矾科(6种)、樟科(6种)、桑科(6种)等7个优势科;陆均松(356株)、鸡毛松(189株)、鹅掌柴(161株)、脉叶虎皮楠(136株)、赤杨叶(128株)、丛花山矾(93株)、柬埔寨子楝树(63株)和黄杞(56株)等8个优势种。群落中的稀有种(1株)为40种,占总物种数的33.61%,占总个体数的2.24%。1 ha动态监测样地内共有胸径≥3 cm乔木1787株,隶属于44科、68属、119种,胸径为10~30 cm的陆均松频度较高,说明个体数量较多,胸径为3~10 cm的频度较低,说明个体数量较少。陆均松、鸡毛松、鹅掌柴和赤杨叶4个种群在0~10 m的尺度上均为随机分布。陆均松分别与鸡毛松、鹅掌柴、丛花山矾在5~12 m、6~12 m、3~20 m尺度上呈显著负相关。鸡毛松、鹅掌柴和脉叶虎皮楠等种群幼龄个体数量较多,群落更新容易。【结论】海南吊罗山陆均松群落乔木多样性丰富且分布有大量稀有种,保护价值较高,该群落处于不稳定阶段,种间竞争激烈,群落演替过程中优势物种更替频繁。
【Objective】To study the diversity characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of dominant species of ar‐bor in the Dacrydium pectinatum community in Diaoluo Mountain,Hainan Island,which could provide theoretical basis for the protection of biodiversity in the mountainous rainforest of Hainan.【Method】A 1 ha tropical forest dynamic moni‐toring plot was established in the Diaoluo Mountain rainforest of Hainan.All arbor plants with a diameter at breast height(DBH)≥3 cm were recorded and surveyed,recording species names,breast circumference,tree height,crown width,and relative coordinates.Community composition,diversity indexes,spatial distribution patterns of dominant species and interspecific relationships were analyzed.【Result】Dacrydium pectinatum community in Diaoluo Mountain recorded 44 families of arbor plants,with 7 dominant families:Fagaceae(11 species),Pentaphylacaceae(10 species),Myrtaceae(9 species),Aquifoliaceae(9 species),Symplocaceae(6 species),Lauraceae(6 species)and Moraceae(6 species).Eight dominant species were identified:D.pectinatum(356 plants),Dacrycarpus imbricatus(189 plants),Schefflera hep‐taphylla(161 plants),Daphniphyllum paxianum(136 plants),Alniphyllum fortunei(128 plants),Symplocos polianei(93 plants),Decaspermum cambodianum(63 plants)and Engelhardia roxburghiana(56 plants).Rare species(1 plant)accounted for 40 species,33.61%of total species and 2.24%of total individuals.Within 1 ha tropical forest dynamic monitoring plot,1787 arbor plants(DBH≥3 cm)belonging to 44 families,68 genera,and 119 species were recorded.The frequency of Dacrydium pectinatum with a DBH of 10-30 cm was relatively high,indicating a large number of indi‐viduals;the frequency of those with a DBH of 3-10 cm was relatively low,indicating a small number of individuals.Spa‐tial analysis revealed random distributions at 0-10 m scale for Dacrydium pectinatum,Dacrycarpus imbricatus,Schef‐flera heptaphylla and Alniphyllum fortunei.Significant negative correlations were observed between Dacrydium pectina‐tum and Dacrycarpus imbricatus(5-12 m scale),Schefflera heptaphylla(6-12 m scale),and Symplocos polianei(6-20 m scale).Populations of Dacrycarpus imbricatus,Schefflera heptaphylla and Daphniphyllum paxianum showed high ju‐venile individuals,indicating favorable regeneration.【Conclusion】Dacrydium pectinatum community in Diaoluo Moun‐tain exhibits high arbor diversity and harbors numerous rare species,underscoring its high conservation value.However,the community is currently in an unstable stage with intense interspecific competition and frequent turnover of dominant species during succession.
作者
袁浪兴
兰国玉
魏亚情
庞通
王欣
张柠
纪克鹏
YUAN Lang-xing;LAN Guo-yu;WEI Ya-qing;PANG Tong;WANG Xin;ZHANG Ning;JI Ke-peng(Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Hainan Danzhou Tropical Agro-ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109,China;College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期1212-1223,共12页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32271603)
海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(320RC733)
海南省自然科学基金项目(325QN459)
海南省重点研发专项(ZDYF2024SHFZ096)。
关键词
陆均松
乔木
空间分布格局
种间关系
海南吊罗山
Dacrydium pectinatum
arbor
spatial distribution patterns
interspecific correlation
Diaoluo Mountain in Hainan
