摘要
【目的】分析橡胶林下中药材根系内生真菌多样性及其与根际土壤理化性质的相关性,为中药材种植及根系内生真菌资源的开发利用提供理论依据。【方法】南板蓝根(Baphicacanthus cusia)、砂仁(Amomum villosum)、益智(Alpinia oxyphylla)和高良姜(Alpinia officinarum)4种中药材根系和根际土壤样品均采集自云南省西双版纳傣族自治州景洪市普文镇示范基地,对根系内生真菌ITS进行测序,分析根系内生真菌群落多样性,采用线性判别分析效应大小(LEfSe)筛选4种中药材根系内生真菌群落间的显著差异物种;测定根际土壤理化性质,并分析其与根系内生真菌群落的相关性。【结果】南板蓝根的根际土壤pH显著低于高良姜(P<0.05,下同),有效磷含量显著高于砂仁、益智和高良姜;南板蓝根、砂仁和高良姜的根际土壤全钾含量均显著高于益智。南板蓝根、砂仁和高良姜的根系内生真菌群落Chao1指数均显著高于益智,表明南板蓝根、砂仁和高良姜的根系内生真菌群落丰度均显著高于益智。4种中药材根系内生真菌群落共检测到8个菌门,南板蓝根、砂仁和高良姜的优势菌门均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota),益智的优势菌门为子囊菌门。通过LEfSe分析发现4种中药材根系内生真菌群落均存在能相互区别的生物标志物。相关分析结果表明,在砂仁根系内生真菌群落中,球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)与根际土壤有机质含量呈显著正相关;在益智根系内生真菌群落中,球囊菌门与全钾含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);砂仁根系内生真菌群落的Chao1指数与根际土壤pH呈显著正相关;高良姜根系内生真菌群落的Shannon指数与根际土壤pH呈显著负相关,其余3种中药材的根系内生真菌群落的Shannon指数与根际土壤理化性质无显著相关性(P>0.05)。【结论】4种中药材均具有丰富的根系内生真菌资源。南板蓝根、砂仁和益智根系内生真菌多样性与根际土壤理化性质无显著相关性,相比之下,高良姜根系内生真菌群落多样性对根际土壤pH变化的响应更强烈。
【Objective】To analyze the diversity of endophytic fungi in the roots of traditional Chinese medicines under rubber plantations and their correlation with the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil,which could provide theoretical basis for the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicines and the development and utilization of endophytic fun‐gal resources in the roots.【Method】Baphicacanthus cusia,Amomum villosum,Alpinia oxyphylla and Alpinia officinarum root and rhizosphere soil samples of 4 traditional Chinese medicines were all collected from the demonstration base in Pu‐wen Town,Jinghong City,Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province.The ITS sequences of endo‐phytic fungi in the roots were sequenced to analyze the diversity of endophytic fungal communities in the roots.Linear dis‐criminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)was used to screen the species with significant differences among the endophytic fungal communities in the roots of 4 traditional Chinese medicines.The physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil were determined and its correlation with the endophytic fungal community of the root was analyzed.【Result】The pH of the rhizosphere soil of Baphicacanthus cusia was significantly lower than that of Alpinia officinarum(P<0.05,the same below),and the content of available phosphorus was significantly higher than that of Amomum villosum,Alpinia oxy‐phylla and Alpinia officinarum.The total potassium content in the rhizosphere soil of Baphicacanthus cusia,Amomum vil‐losum and Alpinia officinarum was significantly higher than that of Alpinia oxyphylla.The Chao1 index of the endophytic fungal communities in the roots of Baphicacanthus cusia,Amomum villosum and Alpinia officinarum was significantly higher than that of Alpinia oxyphylla,indicating that the abundance of the endophytic fungal communities in the roots of Baphicacanthus cusia,Amomum villosum and Alpinia officinarum was significantly higher than that of Alpinia oxyphylla.A total of 8 phyla were detected in the endophytic fungal communities of the roots of 4 traditional Chinese medicines.The dominant phyla of Baphicacanthus cusia,Amomum villosum and Alpinia officinarum were Ascomycota and Basidiomy‐cota,while the dominant phylum of Alpinia oxyphylla was Ascomycota.Through LEfSe analysis,it was found that the en‐dophytic fungal communities in the roots of 4 traditional Chinese medicines all had biomarkers that could distinguish them from each other.The correlation analysis results showed that in the endophytic fungal community of Amomum villosum,the Glomeromycota phylum was significantly and positively correlated with the organic matter content in the rhizosphere soil.In the endophytic fungal community of the roots of Alpinia oxyphylla,Glomeromycota was extremely significantly and negatively correlated with the total potassium content(P<0.01).The Chao1 index of the endophytic fungal community in the roots of Amomum villosum was significantly and positively correlated with the pH of the rhizosphere soil.The Shan‐non index of the endophytic fungal community in the roots of Alpinia officinarum was significantly and negatively corre‐lated with pH of the rhizosphere soil,while the Shannon index of the endophytic fungal community in the roots of the other 3 Chinese herbal medicines had no significant correlation with the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil(P>0.05).【Conclusion】All 4 traditional Chinese medicines have abundant endophytic fungal resources in their roots.The diversity of endophytic fungi in the roots of Baphicacanthus cusia,Amomum villosum and Alpinia oxyphylla has no sig‐nificant correlation with the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil.In contrast,the diversity of endophytic fungal communities in the roots of Alpinia officinarum responds more strongly to the pH changes of the rhizosphere soil.
作者
杞美军
宋德晶
董诗浪
王步天
杜华波
曲鹏
普天华
施学东
吕维香
葛宇
QI Mei-jun;SONG De-jing;DONG Shi-lang;WANG Bu-tian;DU Hua-bo;QU Peng;PU Tian-hua;SHI Xue-dong;LYU Wei-xiang;GE Yu(College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er,Yunnan 665099,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期1112-1123,共12页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
云南省专家工作站项目(202305AF150125)
国家天然橡胶产业技术体系普洱综合试验站项目(CARS-33-YN4)
云南省科技特派队项目(202304BI090032-58)
云南农业大学本科实践教学、劳动教育和耕读教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2024SJJX036)。
关键词
中药材
根际土壤
内生真菌
群落组成
多样性
traditional Chinese medicines
rhizosphere soil
endophytic fungi
community composition
diversity
