摘要
【目的】对不同甜荞种质资源产量性状进行遗传多样性分析及综合评价,为甜荞种质改良及新品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】以来源于国内外各地的68份甜荞种质资源为材料,对其12个产量性状进行测定,并通过相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析对68份甜荞种质资源进行遗传多样性分析及综合评价。【结果】12个产量性状的变异系数为14.59%46.56%,平均为30.23%,其中主花序空瘪种子率、株粒数、主花序未结实花朵率、株粒重和小区产量的变异系数较高,分别为46.56%、44.95%、42.58%、42.08%和35.24%,Shannon-Weaver多样性指数在0.06~12.25,平均为4.41,说明参试甜荞种质资源间产量性状差异较大。相关分析结果显示,小区产量与主花序种子数、株粒数、株高和主茎节数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。主成分分析结果显示,前3个主成分对变异的累计贡献率达79.544%,第一主成分(PC1)主要由小区产量、株粒数、主花序种子数和株高决定,第二主成分(PC2)主要由主花序未结实花朵率和茎粗决定,第三主成分(PC3)主要由主花序空瘪种子率、主茎节数和株高决定。聚类分析显示,68份甜荞种质资源可分为四大类,类群Ⅰ包含17份材料,类群Ⅱ包含29份材料,类群Ⅲ包含6份材料,类群Ⅳ包含16份材料,4个类群材料各有特点,改良品种时可根据特点选择亲本,其中类群Ⅰ产量的平均值最高(0.54 kg);根据主成分综合得分(F)大于2.500,筛选出3份甜荞种质资源。【结论】68份甜荞种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,筛选出的高产优质材料2022-资-甜-22、2022-资-甜-34和2022-资-甜-7,可作为云南甜荞新品种选育的优异材料。
【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of yield traits of different Fagopy‐rum esculentum germplasm resources and conduct comprehensive evaluation,which could provide theoretical basis for germplasm improvement and new variety breeding of Fagopyrum esculentum.【Method】Taking 68 Fagopyrum esculen‐tum germplasm resources from various regions at home and abroad as materials,12 yield traits were determined,and ge‐netic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 68 Fagopyrum esculentum germplasm resources were conducted through correlation analysis,principal component analysis and clustering analysis.【Result】The coefficient of variation of 12 phenotypic traits ranged from 14.59%to 46.56%,with an average of 30.23%.The coefficient of variation of empty and shriveled seeds in the main inflorescence,seed number per plant,the rate of non-fruiting flowers in main inflorescence,seed weight per plant and plot yield were high,which were 46.56%,44.95%,42.58%,42.08%and 35.24%respectively.Shannon-Weaver diversity index ranged from 0.06 to 12.25,with an average of 4.41,indicating great differences among the tested Fagopyrum esculentum germplasm resources.Correlation analysis showed that plot yield was extremely signifi‐cantly positively correlated with the number of seed in main inflorescence,seed number per plant,plant height and node number of main stem(P<0.01).Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components to variation was 79.544%.The first principal component(PC1)was mainly determined by plot yield,seed number per plant,number of seed in main inflorescence and plant height,the second principal compo‐nent(PC2)was mainly determined by the rate of non-fruiting flower in main inflorescence and stem diameter,the third principal component(PC3)was mainly determined by the rate of empty and shriveled seed in main inflorescence,node number of main stem and plant height.The clustering analysis showed that 68 Fagopyrum esculentum germplasm re‐sources could be divided into 4 categories:groupⅠcontained 17 materials,groupⅡcontained 29 materials,groupⅢcontained 6 materials,and groupⅣcontained 16 materials.The 4 groups of materials had characteristics,and parents could be selected according to the characteristics when improving varieties.The average yield of groupⅠwas the highest(0.54 kg).Three Fagopyrum esculentum germplasm resources were selected according to F value of principal component greater than 2.5.【Conclusion】The 68 Fagopyrum esculentum germplasm resources have rich genetic diversity.The highyield and high-quality materials are screened out,namely 2022-Zi-Tian-22,2022-Zi-Tian-34 and 2022-Zi-Tian-7,they can be used as excellent materials for the breeding of new varieties of Fagopyrum esculentum in Yunnan.
作者
翟冰欣
黄春燕
王宇
谭静
卢文洁
刘鑫
谢佳星
王莉花
孙道旺
ZHAI Bing-xin;HUANG Chun-yan;WANG Yu;TAN Jing;LU Wen-jie;LIU Xin;XIE Jia-xing;WANG Li-hua;SUN Dao-wang(Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology/Key Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China;School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan 650505,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期1045-1055,共11页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-07-C-2)
云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090020)。
关键词
甜荞
产量性状
遗传多样性
综合评价
Fagopyrum esculentum
yield traits
genetic diversity
comprehensive evaluation
