摘要
目的:研制慢性病病人膳食护理处方需求评估量表并检验其信效度,以期良好测评慢性病病人的饮食自我管理照护行为问题及需求,并进行对症干预。方法:以中国居民膳食指南、平衡膳食宝塔及国内外慢性病膳食指南为基础理论指导,通过文献回顾、质性访谈、临床预调查形成初始量表;2023年9月—10月立意抽取云南省昆明市某5个社区209例慢性病病人为研究对象对初始量表进行项目分析、探索因子分析和信效度检验。结果:正式量表包括膳食自我照护、膳食护理需求2个一级维度,共6个二级指标、27个条目。Cronbach'sα系数为0.844,重测信度为0.850,各维度的Cronbach'sα系数为0.629~0.882。量表内容效度指数(I⁃CVI)为0.842~1.000,问卷水平的平均内容效度指数(S⁃CVI/Ave)为0.893,且具有较好的区分效度和聚合效度;KMO=0.887,χ^(2)=2535.669,自由度(ν)=351,P<0.001,共提取6个因子,方差累计贡献率为62.610%,模型拟合良好[卡方自由度比值(χ^(2)/ν)=1.868、近似均方根误差(RMSEA)=0.062、拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.908、比较适配度指数(CFI)=0.921]。结论:研制的慢性病病人膳食护理处方需求评估量表信效度良好,可用于评估慢性病病人的膳食护理处方需求情况。
Objective:To develop a Dietary Care Prescription Needs Assessment Scale for chronic disease patients and test its reliability and validity,aiming to effectively assess dietary self⁃management care behaviors,identify patient needs,and guide targeted interventions.Methods:Guided by the Chinese Dietary Guidelines for Residents,the Balanced Diet Pagoda,and domestic/international chronic disease dietary guidelines,an initial scale was developed through literature review,qualitative interviews,and preliminary clinical surveys.From September to October 2023,209 chronic disease patients from five communities in Kunming,Yunnan province,were purposefully sampled to conduct item analysis,exploratory factor analysis,and reliability⁃validity testing.Results:The finalized scale comprised two dimensions(dietary self⁃care and dietary care needs),six secondary indicators,and 27 items.The Cronbach'sαcoefficient for the total scale was 0.844,with test⁃retest reliability of 0.850.Subdimension Cronbach'sαvalues ranged from 0.629 to 0.882.The item⁃level content validity index(I⁃CVI)was 0.842~1.000,and the scale⁃level average content validity index(S⁃CVI/Ave)was 0.893,demonstrating strong discriminant and convergent validity.Factor analysis(KMO=0.887,χ^(2)=2535.669,ν=351,P<0.001)extracted six factors,accounting for 62.610%of cumulative variance.Model fit indices were excellent(χ^(2)/ν=1.868,RMSEA=0.062,GFI=0.908,CFI=0.921).Conclusion:The developed scale exhibits strong reliability and validity,making it a suitable tool for assessing dietary care prescription needs in chronic disease patients.
作者
李芳
马舅福
马七花
叶兴
王婧婷
张争鸣
LI Fang;MA Jiufu;MA Qihua;YE Xing;WANG Jingting;ZHANG Zhengming(School of Nursing Kunming Medical University,Yunnan 650500 China)
出处
《全科护理》
2025年第10期1800-1804,共5页
Chinese General Practice Nursing
基金
2023年昆明医科大学校级大学生创新性实验项目,编号:2023CXD343。
关键词
慢性病病人
护理处方权
膳食处方
信度
效度
patients with chronic diseases
the right to prescribe care
dietary prescriptions
reliability
validity
