摘要
水泥工业作为高能耗高排放的主要工业领域之一,其二氧化碳(CO_(2))排放控制已成为学术界和工业界关注的热点。氧-燃料燃烧技术是水泥工业高效低成本二氧化碳捕集利用与封存(CCUS)的重要技术之一,对减少CO_(2)排放和提升水泥熟料产量具有重要意义。系统综述了水泥工业增氧燃烧、部分氧-燃料燃烧以及全氧-燃料燃烧技术在试验研究、数值模拟、流程优化和工业应用方面的研究进展。增氧燃烧技术通过提高燃烧空气中氧气体积分数来提高燃烧温度、热效率和增加熟料产量,其最佳氧气体积分数一般在27%~30%,该技术已在国内外多个水泥生产线上应用,取得了较好的节省燃料和增产效果。部分氧-燃料燃烧是在分解炉中采用氧-燃料燃烧的碳捕集技术,该技术能够提高CO_(2)体积分数并减少NO_(x)排放,但需要适当提高分解炉温度以维持相同的石灰石分解率,燃料消耗量也会有所增加。全氧-燃料燃烧技术是在分解炉和回转窑中均采用氧-燃料燃烧的碳捕集技术,可获得高CO_(2)体积分数的烟气,是水泥工业碳捕集技术的未来方向。为了实现与空气气氛相同的炉内温度和产品质量,全氧-燃料燃烧的总体氧气体积分数一般在27%~29%,需要进一步优化以确定分解炉和回转窑氧-燃料燃烧器一二三次风氧气体积分数的合理分配。通过对水泥工业氧-燃料燃烧改造方案的技术经济性分析,其CO_(2)捕集成本一般在200~250元/t,低于燃烧后化学吸收碳捕集技术的成本,表明水泥工业氧-燃料燃烧碳捕集技术具有较好的经济性。未来水泥工业氧-燃料燃烧碳捕集技术将进一步向高效率低成本低能耗方向发展,聚焦全氧-燃料燃烧关键技术研究开发、低成本制氧技术以及与可再生能源电转气和可再生合成燃料等技术的深度融合,最终实现水泥工业CCUS和净零CO_(2)排放。
Cement industry is one of the major industries with high energy consumption and high pollutants emissions,and its carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission control has become a hotspot in the academia and industry.Oxy-fuel combustion technology is one of the most important technologies for high-efficiency and low-cost carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)in cement industry,which is of great significance for reducing CO_(2) emission and enhancing cement clinker production.This paper systematically reviews the research progresses of oxygen-enriched combustion,partial oxy-fuel combustion and full oxy-fuel combustion in terms of experimental studies,numerical simulations,process optimization and industrial application.Oxygen-enriched combustion improves combustion temperature,heat efficiency and clinker production by increasing the oxygen volume fraction in the combustion air,and the optimal oxygen volume fraction is 27%-30%.It has been industrially applied in many cement production lines and has realized the fuel saving and yield enhancement.Partial oxy-fuel combustion is a CO_(2) capture technology with utilizing oxy-fuel combustion in the calciner,which can enhance CO_(2) volume fraction and reduce NO_(x) emissions,but the calciner temperature needs to be raised appropriately in order to maintain the same calcination degree of limestone,and the fuel consumption will be increased.Full oxy-fuel combustion is used in both the calciner and rotary kiln,which can obtain a high CO_(2) volume fraction in flue gas,and it is the future direction of CO_(2) capture technology in cement industry.In order to achieve the same furnace temperature and product quality as those in air atmosphere,the overall oxygen volume fraction of full oxy-fuel combustion needs to be increased to 27%-29%,and it is also necessary to optimize the partitions of the oxygen volume fractions of primary/secondary/tertiary oxidizer streams both in the rotary kiln and the calciner oxy-fuel combustors.The techno-economic analysis of partial and full oxy-fuel combustion in cement industry shows that the CO_(2) capture cost is 200-250 yuan/ton,which is lower than that for post-combustion carbon capture technology,indicating that oxy-fuel combustion technology is better in the economic performance.In the future,the CO_(2) capture technology of oxy-fuel combustion in cement industry will be further developed in the direction of high efficiency,low cost and low energy consumption,focusing on research and development of the key technologies of full oxy-fuel combustion,low-cost oxygen generation technologies and deep integration with renewable energy power to gas and renewable synthetic fuels,in order to finally realize CCUS and net-zero CO_(2) emission in cement industry.
作者
周月桂
王玉亭
黄冠硕
陈涛
ZHOU Yuegui;WANG Yuting;HUANG Guanshuo;CHEN Tao(Institute of Thermal Energy Engineering,School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《洁净煤技术》
北大核心
2025年第4期163-180,共18页
Clean Coal Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52376120,51976120,51761125011,51576128)。
关键词
水泥工业
二氧化碳捕集利用与封存
氧-燃料燃烧
增氧燃烧
部分氧-燃料燃烧
全氧-燃料燃烧
cement industry
carbon dioxide capture utilization and storage
oxy-fuel combustion
oxygen-enriched combustion
partial oxy-fuel combustion
full oxy-fuel combustion
