摘要
塔里木河天然河岸状态造成了每年防洪抢险的巨大投入,如何依据河流演变规律形成有效的防洪抢险防护方案亟待研究。基于最小水流功率原理,建立适用于塔里木河的稳定河湾数学模型,利用该模型计算塔里木河下游不同水沙条件下的稳定河湾形态。塔里木河下游恰拉河段单位河长水流功率最小时,河湾曲率为4.02,此时河湾蠕动速率较小,河道相对稳定。河湾形态主要受来水输沙率与泥沙粒径的影响,随着泥沙粒径与输沙率的增加,河湾曲率增大,弯道平衡比降增大,河道趋向窄深。提出了有利于塔里木河河道整治的建议,在现水沙条件下,当恰拉段河湾曲率在3.8~4.1时,河道岸坡受水流冲击小,此时防护效果最佳。
Under the natural riverbank status of the Tarim River,huge investment is required for flood control and emergency rescue every year.It is urgent to study how to form effective flood control and emergency protection plans on the basis of channel evolution patterns.Based on the principle of minimum water flow power,a mathematical model for constructing the stable bends in Tarim River has been established,and the stable bend morphology under different flow and sediment conditions in the lower reaches of the Tarim River is calculated.The results show that when the flow power per unit length reaches to the lowest in the Qiala section of the lower Tarim River,the curvature of the river bend is 4.02.The creepage rate of the river bend is relatively small and the river channel is relatively stable accordingly.The shape of the river bend is mainly influenced by the sediment transport rate and sediment particle size of the incoming flow.As the sediment particle size and transport rate increase,the curvature of the river bend increases,the equilibrium slope of the bend increases,and the river channel tends to narrow and deepen.Finally,suggestions that are beneficial for the improvement of the Tarim River channel is proposed.Under current flow and sediment conditions,when the curvature of the Qiala section of the river bay is between 3.8 and 4.1,the river bank is less eroded by flow and the protection effect is optimal.
作者
陈沛东
李晓庆
艾尼瓦尔·牙生
CHEN Pei-dong;LI Xiao-qing;ANWAR Ya-sen(College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Tarim River Basin Mainstream ManagementBureau,Korla841000,China)
出处
《泥沙研究》
北大核心
2025年第2期10-16,24,共8页
Journal of Sediment Research
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区塔里木河管理局基金项目(基于土工袋三角垛的塔里木河干流河湾防护方法研究)。
关键词
冲积河流
最小水流功率
塔里木河
河道整治
数学模型
alluvial river
minimum flow power dissipation
Tarim River
river regulation
mathematical model
