摘要
近年来,泰国一直处于国家发展道路转型进程中,推动政治、经济和社会各个层面的改革调整。政治方面,2023年大选形成的“蓝红橙”三大阵营激烈博弈延续至2024年,赛塔总理意外遭解职、佩通坦当选第31任总理重新组建了11党联盟政府,远进党被裁决解散后新组成人民党回归政坛,保守派在上议院选举中获胜占据多数席位。新组建的佩通坦政府延续既有政策并创新突破,努力消除腐败和不公正,提升政府的透明度和公信力,赢得民众的信任和支持。经济方面,泰国政府持续实施促进旅游、投资、出口以及新兴产业发展的刺激措施,旅游业和外资的强劲增长拉动经济持续复苏;但受全球供应链紊乱、通货膨胀压力、家庭债务高企以及洪灾的影响,经济增长仍处低位,是东南亚地区经济增长表现较弱的国家。外交方面,泰国持续开展“积极的经济外交”和“为民外交”,成功加入经济与发展组织,并收到金砖国家关于成为其伙伴国的正式邀请函;不断拓展对外合作空间,与中国在经贸、投资和基础设施建设等多领域合作稳健开展,巩固了泰美同盟关系,携手邻国共施惠民项目以增进民生福祉。展望2025年,泰国政府提出“赋权人民”和“经济赋能”的改革理念,将引领泰国推动政治改革进程,着力解决长期结构性经济问题,致力于与“全球北方”“全球南方”国家合作共赢,以期为新一轮国家发展道路转型奠定基础。
In recent years,Thailand has been undergoing a transformation in its national development path,driving reforms across political,economic,and social dimensions.In politics,the intense competition among the"Red","Blue",and"Orange"factions that emerged during the 2023 general election has persisted into 2024.Srettha was unexpectedly removed from his position,while Paetongtarn Shinawatra was elected as the 31st Prime Minister.The Move Forward Party was dissolved,and the People's Party was established.The conservative faction secured a majority in the Senate election,ensuring the continuation of existing policies while making innovative advancements.Efforts have been intensified to combat corruption and injustice,enhance governmental transparency and credibility,and earn the trust and support of the populace.Economically,the government has continued to implement stimulus measures to boost tourism,investment,exports,and emerging industries.Strong growth in tourism and foreign investment has contributed to the ongoing economic recovery.However,challenges such as global supply chain disruptions,inflationary pressures,high household debt,and flooding have constrained Thailand's economic growth.In the diplomatic arena,Thailand has pursued a comprehensive strategy of"proactive economic diplomacy"and"people-oriented diplomacy".It has successfully joined the OECD and BRICS,expanding its international cooperation opportunities.Cooperation with China in areas such as trade,investment,and infrastructure has steadily increased,while the Thai-USalliance has been strengthened.Inclusive projects that benefiting the people and enhancing their well-being are being implemented in collaboration with neighboring countries.Looking ahead to 2025,the government has proposed the reform concepts of"Empowering the People"and"Economic Empowerment".These initiatives aim to advance the political reform process,address long-standing structural economic issues,and foster win-win cooperation with both"Global North"and"Global South"countries,laying a solid foundation for the next phase of national development.
作者
袁春生
Yuan Chunsheng(Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences/China Academy for South and Southeast Asian Studies,Kunming,650034,China)
出处
《东南亚纵横》
2025年第2期29-48,共20页
Crossroads:Southeast Asian Studies
关键词
泰国
政治博弈
国家发展道路转型
数字经济
经济外交
Thailand
political struggles
transition of the country's development path
digital economy
economic diplomacy
