摘要
目的分析2018—2022年青海省吸毒者艾滋病哨点监测HIV、梅毒螺旋体(Treponema pallidum,TP)、HCV的感染情况和影响因素,为制定艾滋病、梅毒、丙型肝炎的干预措施提供科学依据。方法收集2018—2022年青海省国家级吸毒者艾滋病哨点监测信息,计数资料采用率或占比进行描述,采用趋势χ^(2)检验进行组间比较,对影响因素采用二元logistic回归进行分析,分析吸毒者感染HIV、TP和HCV的相关影响因素。结果本次研究共调查5863人,吸食毒品以海洛因为主,其次为冰毒。注射吸毒(χ^(2)_(趋势)=42.024,P<0.05)、共用过针具(χ^(2)_(趋势)=27.848,P<0.05)占比呈下降趋势。HIV抗体阳性率为0.27%;TP抗体阳性率为4.23%,呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=8.401,P<0.05);HCV抗体阳性率为23.86%,呈逐年波动趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=6.450,P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,共用过针具、最近一次商业性行为未使用安全套是感染TP的危险因素;混合使用毒品、注射吸毒、最近一个月注射吸毒、共用过针具、最近一个月共用过针具、最近一年与配偶/同居者发生过性行为、与配偶/同居者发生性行为时未使用安全套、最近一年发生过商业性行为、最近一次发生商业性行为时未使用安全套是HCV感染的高风险因素。结论2018—2022年青海省吸毒者HIV、TP抗体阳性率较低,HCV抗体阳性率仍处于较高水平,需继续加强对注射吸毒者的干预措施,应重点关注注射吸毒、共用过针具和有过不安全性行为的吸毒者,以更有效地降低该人群感染HIV、TP、HCV的风险。
Objective To analyze the infections and influencing factors of HIV,Treponema pallidum(TP)and HCV in AIDS sentinel surveillance among drug users in Qinghai Province from 2018 to 2022 to provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention measures for AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis C.Methods Information was collected for AIDS sentinel surveillance of national drug users in Qinghai Province from 2018 to 2022.Count data were described using rates or percentages,and inter-group comparisons were made using the trend Chi-square test.The influencing factors were analyzed using binary logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors associated with HIV,TP,and HCV among drug users.Results A total of 5863 people were surveyed in this study,and heroin was the main drug used,followed by methamphetamine.The percentage of injection drug use(χ^(2)_(trend)=42.024,P<0.05)and shared needles(χ^(2)_(trend)=27.848,P<0.05)showed a decreasing trend.The HIV antibody positivity rate was 0.27%.The positive rate of TP antibody was 4.23%,showing a decreasing trend year by year(χ^(2)_(trend)=8.401,P<0.05).The positive rate of HCV antibody was 23.86%,with a fluctuating trend year by year(χ^(2)_(trend)=6.450,P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that shared needles and not using condoms during the last commercial sex act were risk factors for TP infection.Mixed drug use,injection drug use,injection drug use in the last month,shared needles in the last month,having had sexual intercourse with a spouse/cohabitant in the last year,not using condoms during sexual intercourse with a spouse/cohabitant,having had commercial sexual intercourse in the last year,and not using a condom during the last commercial sexual intercourse were high-risk factors for HCV infection.Conclusion The positive rate of HIV and TP antibodies among drug users in Qinghai Province from 2018 to 2022 is relatively low,while the positive rate of HCV antibodies remains at a high level.It is necessary to continue to strengthen intervention measures for injecting drug users and focus on injecting drug users,shared needles,and drug users who have had unsafe sex,in order to more effectively reduce the risk of HIV,TP,and HCV infection among this population.
作者
匡嘉影
马斌忠
董世存
梁达
马海军
孙玉兰
李积平
KUANG Jiaying;MA Binzhong;DONG Shicun;LIANG Da;MA Haijun;SUN Yulan;LI Jiping(Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute,Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining,Qinghai 810001,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2025年第5期421-426,共6页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
2022年青海省“昆仑英才”高原名医计划(20230525)
2021—2022年度青海省“昆仑英才”高原名医计划(20220222)。
关键词
吸毒者
艾滋病
梅毒
丙型肝炎
哨点监测
影响因素
分析
Drug users
HIV
Syphilis
Hepatitis C
Sentinel surveillance
Influencing factor
Analysis
