摘要
波斯湾地区是全球油气资源最为富集的地区。本文依据最新资料,对波斯湾盆地构造进行分类,并结合油气藏圈闭类型统计,对波斯湾盆地构造样式及其对油气分布的控制作用进行研究。研究结果表明:(1)波斯湾盆地主要发育水平伸展、水平收缩、走滑和盐底辟4种构造样式。其中,水平伸展和走滑构造样式主要沿N-S向及NW-SE向优势展布,主要发育在盆地演化早期,与前寒武纪-早古生代冈瓦纳大陆裂解有关,是盆地基底构造的主要表现形式,控制了盆地的隆坳格局及晚期大型继承性构造的分布;盐底辟构造样式主要发育于盆地演化中、晚期,分别与克拉通内部坳陷和扎格罗斯造山运动有关;水平收缩构造样式主要沿NW-SE向展布,主要发育于盆地演化晚期,与新特提斯洋闭合及扎格罗斯造山运动有关。(2)波斯湾盆地油气藏多呈N-S向和NW-SE向展布,区域上看主要发育于扎格罗斯褶皱带、中阿拉伯盆地、唯美盆地、鲁卜哈利盆地和阿曼盆地,层系上看主要发育于下白垩统、上二叠统和上侏罗统3套地层,并表现为“下气上油”的特征,主要圈闭类型为受水平收缩/盐底辟控制的背斜圈闭。(3)基底构造、前寒武纪-早寒武世霍尔木兹盐盆分布和扎格罗斯造山运动控制了波斯湾盆地构造圈闭差异分布。(4)波斯湾盆地油气展布方向和展布范围受控于水平收缩构造样式和盐底辟构造样式,油气分布规律与构造样式具有高匹配性。
The Persian Gulf region is the richest region in the world in terms of oil and gas resources.Based on the latest data,this paper classifies the structure of the Persian Gulf Basin,and studies the structural style of the Persian Gulf basin and its control to the distribution of oil and gas based on the statistics of reservoir trap types.The results show that,(1)four structural styles are mainly developed in the Persian Gulf Basin,including horizontal extension,horizontal compression,strike-slip and salt diapir structure styles.Among them,the horizontal extensional and strike-slip structural styles are mainly distributed along the N-S and NW-SE directions, which are mainly developed in the early stage of basin evolution, which are related to the precambrian-early Paleozoic Gondwana continental fragmentation, and are the main manifestations of the basin basement structure, which control the uplift and depression framework of the basin and the distribution of large inherited structures in the late period. The salt diapir structure was mainly developed in the middle and late stages of basin evolution, which was related to the craton depression and Zagros orogeny, respectively. The horizontal compression structure is mainly distributed along the NW-SE direction, which is mainly developed in the late basin evolution, which is related to the closure of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the Zagros orogeny. (2)The oil and gas reservoirs in the Persian Gulf Basin are mostly distributed in the N-S direction and NW-SE direction, mainly developed in the Zagros fold belt, Central Arabian Basin, Widyan-Mesopotamia Basin, Rub al-Khali Basin and Oman Basin, and mainly developed in three sets of strata, including Lower Cretaceous, Upper Permian and Upper Jurassic, and showed the characteristics of "lower gas and oil", and the main trap type is anticline trap controlled by horizontal compression/salt diapir. (3)Basal structure, Precambrian-Early Cambrian distribution of Hormuz salt basins, and Zagros orogeny control the differential distribution of structure traps in the Persian Gulf Basin. (4)The distribution direction and range of oil and gas in the Persian Gulf Basin are controlled by the horizontal compression structure and the salt diapir structure, and the distribution law of oil and gas has a high match with the structure styles.
作者
吴远华
马佳明
李天瑞
何辉
WU Yuanhua;MA Jiaming;LI Tianrui;HE Hui(College of Energy,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu Sichuan 610059,China;The First Institute of Geographic Information Cartography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi'an Shaanxi 710001,China)
出处
《石油化工应用》
2025年第4期68-74,92,共8页
Petrochemical Industry Application
基金
中海油集团公司“十四五”重大专项课题“‘两岸一带’重点盆地油气富集规律和成藏差异性研究”(KJGG2022-0901)。
关键词
波斯湾盆地
构造样式
油气分布
控制作用
勘探潜力
Persian Gulf Basin
structure style
oil and gas distribution
control factors
exploration potential
