摘要
为了解大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)肠道脱落细胞中线粒体DNA(mtDNA)的异质性特点及其与年龄的关系,以92只不同年龄的大熊猫粪便为材料,通过扩增子高通量测序研究非编码的D-loop区、编码rRNA的16S rRNA区以及编码蛋白质的ND1和ND2区的异质性。结果显示:D-loop区存在3个异质性热点区段,突变碱基的数量远远高于其他3个编码区;D-loop区TS/TV小于16S rRNA和ND两个编码区,表明后两者较D-loop区受到更强烈的纯化选择;ND区第3位密码子的突变频率显著高于前两位,选择压力最低。此外,16SA3、ND1A6和ND2A7三个编码区的异质性可能与年龄相关。上述结果表明,大熊猫粪便DNA的异质性突变构成了一个多样性较高的线粒体基因库,突变在组织细胞水平上受到自然选择的作用。该线粒体基因库为揭示动物适应性进化机制、个体对环境的适应方式、个体适合度和动物与肠道微生物及环境的关系等提供一个全新的角度,也可能成为有潜力的大熊猫个体年龄预测标记。
In order to obtain the heteroplasmy characteristics of mitochondrial DNA of intestinal exfoliated cells in the feces and its relationship with age in giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca),fecal samples of 92 giant pandas were collected,and analyzed heteroplasmy of partial D-loop,16S rRNA and ND region,which represent the non-coding,rRNA coding and protein coding region by using amplicon massive parallel sequencing.The results showed that heteroplasmic mutations took place across all regions studied,where D-loop carried the greatest number of heteroplasmic sites in three hot regions comparing to the other three regions.TS/TV ratio was smaller in D-loop then in 16S rRNA and ND region,indicating the later regions were under stronger purifying selection than D-loop.The mutation frequency of the third codon in ND region was significantly higher than the first two codon,and the selection pressure was the lowest.Meanwhile,the heterogeneity of the three coding regions 16SA3,ND1A6 and ND2A7 may be related to age.These results suggest the fecal DNA of giant panda contain a mitogene pool with high diversity,and heteroplasmic mutations are selected at cell and tissue level.The mitogene pool may provide novel insights into the adaptive evolution,individual fitness,response fashion to environments and interactions between animals and gut microbiota,and even become a potential novel marker to prediction age.
作者
李晓达
任晓彤
高雨薇
王文慧
张琦
褚佳宁
林立钧
徐艳春
杨淑慧
LI Xiaoda;REN Xiaotong;GAO Yuwei;WANG Wenhui;ZHANG Qi;CHU Jianing;LIN Lijun;XU Yanchun;YANG Shuhui(College of Wildlife and Protected Areas,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Heze Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Heze,274000,China;Olin College,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期269-280,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32170517)
大熊猫国家公园珍稀动物保护生物学国家林业和草原局重点实验室开放课题项目(KLSFGAGP2020.017)。
关键词
大熊猫
粪便DNA
异质性
线粒体基因库
年龄
Giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)
Fecal DNA
Heteroplasmy
Mitogene pool
Age
