摘要
通过对93篇相关文献的635对观测值进行整合分析,综合评估保护性耕作(免耕、少耕和秸秆还田)措施对东北地区农田土壤有机碳(SOC)含量、温室气体排放(二氧化碳(CO_(2))、甲烷(CH_(4))、氧化亚氮(N_(2)O))和作物产量的影响和调控因子。对于东北地区整体而言,与传统耕作相比,保护性耕作显著增加了土壤SOC含量、有机质(SOM)含量、土壤总氮(TN)含量、土壤硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)含量、微生物量碳(MBC)含量,微生物量氮(MBN)含量和作物产量,增幅分别为15.1%、9.7%、1.1%、1.1%、56.6%,31.9%和3.8%。与此相比,保护性耕作显著降低1.3%土壤N_(2)O排放通量,而对土壤CH_(4)和CO_(2)排放通量影响不大。试验年限、秸秆还田措施和年均降雨量对SOC含量和作物产量的影响均存在显著差异。在秸秆还田下,有利于发挥免耕措施的固碳潜力和增产效果,少耕对土壤的固碳潜力和增产效果影响不大。随着试验年限增加,SOC含量的增幅呈现上升趋势。随着年均降雨量的增加,作物产量的增幅呈现上升趋势。结果表明,在东北地区农田实施免耕结合秸秆还田两种保护性耕作措施有利于土壤SOC的固持和N_(2)O排放的降低,是实现东北黑土区农田土壤固碳减排的适宜保护性耕作措施。
An integrated analysis was conducted using 635 pairs of observations from 93 relevant studies to comprehensively evaluate the effects of conservation tillage practices(no-tillage,reduced tillage,and straw return)on soil organic carbon content(SOC),greenhouse gas emissions(carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),methane(CH_(4)),nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)),and crop yield in farmland soils of Northeast China,as well as their regulatory factors.For the Northeast region as a whole,compared to conventional tillage,conservation tillage significantly increased soil SOC content,soil organic matter content(SOM),total nitrogen content(TN),nitrate nitrogen content(NO_(3)^(-)-N),microbial biomass carbon(MBC),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and crop yield,with increases of 15.1%,9.7%,1.1%,1.1%,56.6%,31.9%and 3.8%,respectively.In contrast,conservation tillage significantly reduced soil N_(2)O emission flux by 1.3%,while its effects on soil CH_(4)and CO_(2)emission fluxes were negligible.Significant differences were observed in the effects of experimental duration,straw return practices,and annual average rainfall on SOC content and crop yield.Under straw return,the carbon sequestration potential and yield-increasing effects of no-till practices were enhanced,while reduced tillage had little impact on soil carbon sequestration potential and yield improvement.As the experimental duration increased,the increase in SOC content showed an upward trend.Similarly,as the annual average rainfall increased,the increase in crop yield also showed an upward trend.The above results indicate that the implementation of no-till combined with straw return as conservation tillage practices in farmland soils of Northeast China is beneficial for soil SOC sequestration and the reduction of N_(2)O emissions,making it a suitable conservation tillage strategy for achieving carbon sequestration and emission reduction in the black soil region of Northeast China.
作者
尹明远
高思宇
张雪雁
李雨欣
于晓雨
程全国
YIN Mingyuan;GAO Siyu;ZHANG Xueyan;LI Yuxin;YU Xiaoyu;CHENG Quanguo(College of Life Science and Bioengineering,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;Business School,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Polluted Environment and Ecological Restoration of Ministry of Education,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China)
出处
《沈阳大学学报(自然科学版)》
2025年第2期107-114,共8页
Journal of Shenyang University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42307433)
辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(JYTMS20231166)
省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202311035082)。
关键词
东北地区
免耕
秸秆还田
META分析
有机碳
温室气体排放
Northeast China
no-tillage
straw return
Meta-analysis
organic carbon
greenhouse gas emissions
