摘要
针对碳捕集、利用和封存(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,CCUS)中管道、关键设备存在的腐蚀问题,调研了碳钢和不锈钢的腐蚀规律、失效形式和腐蚀机制,介绍了水泥的碳化腐蚀与非金属的失效研究现状。在胺液环境中,温度、CO_(2)负载量、胺液浓度和热稳定盐含量是影响金属材料腐蚀行为的关键因素。在CCUS超临界CO_(2)环境下,气体杂质影响碳钢腐蚀产物构成,加速腐蚀并可能诱发开裂,控制气体含水率是抑制腐蚀的重要手段。在CCUS技术中,不锈钢主要存在点蚀和应力腐蚀开裂风险,探讨了超临界CO_(2)封存及胺液碳捕集环境中不锈钢的腐蚀影响因素和规律。油井水泥与CO_(2)可以发生化学反应,生成不具备胶结能力的SiO_(2),降低水泥的密封性。非金属材料在服役过程中可能会发生溶胀、老化问题,非金属的选材应考虑高分压CO_(2)造成的材料性能恶化,根据GB/T 34903.1—2017《石油、石化与天然气工业与油气开采相关介质接触的非金属材料第1部分:热塑性塑料》提供的指标判定非金属材料的适用性。研究结果可为CCUS技术相关生产设施的材料选择和腐蚀控制提供借鉴。
To address the corrosion issues of pipelines and key components in carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technology,this paper delves into the corrosion pattern,forms of failure and corrosion mechanisms of carbon steel and stainless steel while also introduces the current state of research on the carbonation corrosion of cement and the failure of non-metallic materials.In an amine environment,temperature,CO_(2)partial pressure,amine concentration,and the presence of heat-stable salts are the key factors influencing the corrosion behavior of metallic materials.Under the CCUS environment with supercritical CO_(2),gas impurities can alter the composition of carbon steel corrosion byproducts,accelerate corrosion and may induce cracking.Regulating the moisture content in the gas is an important strategy to inhibit corrosion.Stainless steel in CCUS system is susceptible to pitting and stress corrosion cracking.The study separately examines the corrosion patterns and the factors affecting stainless steel corrosion in supercritical CO_(2)storage and liquid amine-based carbon capture environment.Moreover,a chemical reaction between oil well cement and CO_(2)can produce SiO_(2),which compromises cement s bonding capacity,thereby reducing its sealing efficacy.Non-metallic materials in service are prone to swelling and aging phenomena.Hence,their selection should account for performance degradation due to high CO_(2)partial pressures.The applicability of non-metallic materials should be determined according to the indicators provided by GB/T 34903.1—2017 Petroleum,petrochemical and natural gas industries-Non-metallic materials in contact with media related to oil and gas production-Part 1:Thermoplastics.The results of this study can provide reference for material selection and corrosion control in CCUS-related facilities.
作者
王杰
樊学华
张艳娜
杜博
刘陶然
兰添
孙建波
WANG Jie;FAN Xuehua;ZHANG Yanna;DU Bo;LIU Taoran;LAN Tian;SUN Jianbo(CPECC Beijing Company,Beijing,100085,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(EastChina),Qingdao,Shandong,266580,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing,100083,China;PetroChina International Iraq Rumaila Branch,Beijing,100034,China;PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute,Beijing,102206,China)
出处
《天然气与石油》
2025年第2期107-115,共9页
Natural Gas and Oil
基金
中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“二氧化碳规模化捕集、驱油与埋存全产业链关键技术研究及示范课题1:炼化企业低浓度二氧化碳低成本高效捕集技术研究”(2021ZZ01-01)。
关键词
CO_(2)
CCUS
材料
腐蚀
CO_(2)
Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage(CCUS)
Material
Corrosion
