摘要
研究选取77头滇中牛(47头公牛、30头母牛)进行了外貌调查,并对其中50头(20头公牛、30头母牛)进行体尺及体重测量,并进行统计分析,建立逐步回归方程。结果表明,公牛体重与鬐甲高、十字部高、胸围、腹围、管围、尻长呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与体斜长、胸深呈显著正相关(P<0.05),其中十字部高的相关系数最大,为0.840;母牛体重与11项体尺指标均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数最大的是腹围,为0.907。主成分分析结果表明,第一主成分反映了滇中牛整体结构发育状况;公牛的第二主成分反映了滇中牛公牛躯体发育情况,母牛的第二主成分反映了母牛后躯的发育状况;公牛的第三、四主成分,反映了公牛后躯发育状况,母牛的第三、四主成分则反映躯体发育、细致均匀程度。根据构建的回归分析方程,公牛体尺体重最优回归方程为:体重=-1137.568+7.246×十字部高+2.612×胸围+13.560×管围(R2=0.893);母牛的最优回归方程为:体重=-522.86+1.734×腹围+1.905×胸围+13.602×管围(R2=0.898)。研究表明,试验结果反映了滇中牛体型特征,试验构建的回归方程可以作为体尺指标评估体重,为滇中牛选育培养和畜禽资源保护提供了数据参考。
In this study,77 Dianzhong cattle(47 bulls and 30 cows)were selected to investigate their body shape and appearance,and 50 of them(20 bulls and 30 cows)were measured by body size and body weight.The results showed that bulls'body weight were positively extremely correlated with body height,waist height,chest circumference,abdominal circumference,circumference of cannon bone,and rump length(P<0.01),and positively significantly correlated with body slanting length and chest depth(P<0.05),with the maximum correlation coefficient was found for the waist height(0.840).The body weight of cows was positively extremely correlated(P<0.01)with all 11 indices and the maximum correlation coefficient was for abdominal circumference(0.907).In terms of principal components,the first principal component reflected the overall structural development of Dianzhong cattle.The second principal component reflected the development of the carcass of Dianzhong bulls,and the second principal component of cows,reflecting the development of the hindquarters of the cows.The third principal component and the fourth principal component of bulls,reflecting the development of the hindquarters of the bulls,and the third and fourth principal components of cows reflected the development and meticulous uniformity of the carcasses.According to the constructed regression equations,the optimal regression equation for the body weight of bulls in Dianzhong cattle was:body weight=-1137.568+7.246×waist height+2.612×chest circumference+13.560×circumference of cannon bone(R2=0.893).And that of cows was:body weight=-522.86+1.734×abdominal circumference+1.905×chest circumference+13.602×circumference of cannon bone(R2=0.898).The results showed that the experimental results reflected the body size characteristics of cattle in central Yunnan,and the regression equation established in the experiment could be used as the body size index to evaluate the body weight,which provided data reference for cattle breeding and livestock resource protection in central Yunnan.
作者
赵树生
和世春
吴东旺
刘艺端
王莉兴
亐开兴
李清
毛华明
ZHAO Shusheng;HE Shichun;WU Dongwang;LIU Yiduan;WANG Lixing;YU Kaixing;LI Qing;MAO Huaming
出处
《饲料研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期65-70,共6页
Feed Research
基金
云南省农业基础研究联合专项(项目编号:202301BD070001-095)
云南省鹤庆县奶牛产业科技特派团(项目编号:202204BI090005)
楚雄州“兴楚科技领军人才”培养计划(项目编号:CXKJLJRC2023-07)。
关键词
滇中牛
体型外貌
相关性分析
主成分分析
逐步回归分析
Dianzhong cattle
body shape and appearance
correlation analysis
principal component analysis
stepwise regression analysis
