摘要
随着三维成像技术的迅速发展,单光子激光雷达已成为高灵敏度遥感和精密成像领域的关键技术之一。然而,在远距离扫描条件下,传统成像技术常因采样率和分辨率的限制无法提供高质量的三维图像。因此,开展基于压缩感知单光子激光雷达的研究,为准确模拟该系统在不同场景中的探测效果,文章提出一种结合物理模型和二项采样过程生成回波光子数据的方法,并通过改进的TVCS算法实现低采样率下目标三维图像重建。仿真和图像重建结果表明,结合压缩感知理论和单光子探测技术的激光雷达系统,能够有效降低光子采集量并缩短成像时间。与传统的OMP算法和TVAL3算法相比,所提算法在采样率显著降低时,仍保持更优的峰值信噪比和均方根误差,展现出较好的图像恢复效果。这一研究成果不仅为单光子激光雷达技术在低光子采样条件下的应用提供了新的方法论支持,也拓宽了压缩感知理论在实际成像系统中的应用范围。该方法通过将SPAD探测器的测量与光学系统的参数联系起来,利用光子到达的概率分布对成像过程进行描述,从而模拟出单光子数据构建的直方图。基于所生成的数据,在单像素成像的基础上利用时间相关单光子计数器获取飞行时间信息,从而提高单点探测的横向分辨率并提供场景的深度。
With the rapid development of three-dimensional imaging technology,single-photon LiDAR has become a key technology in high-sensitivity remote sensing and precision imaging.However,under long-distance scanning conditions,traditional imaging techniques often fail to provide high-quality 3D images owing to limitations in sampling rate and resolution.To accurately simulate the detection performance of this system in various scenarios,this paper proposes a method combining a physical model and a binomial sampling process to generate echo photon data,and reconstructs 3D target images under low sampling rates using an improved TVCS algorithm.Simulation and reconstruction results indicate that LiDAR systems integrating compressed sensing theory and single-photon detection technology can effectively reduce photon acquisition and shorten imaging time.Compared with traditional OMP and TVAL3 algorithms,the proposed method maintains a superior peak signal-to-noise ratio and root mean square error,even at significantly reduced sampling rates,demonstrating improved image-recovery performance.This research not only provides new methodological support for the application of single-photon LiDAR under low photon sampling conditions but also expands the application range of compressed sensing theory in practical imaging systems.By linking the measurements of SPAD detectors with optical system parameters,the method describes the imaging process using the probability distribution of photon arrivals,thereby simulating the histogram constructed from single-photon data.Based on the generated data,time-of-flight information is obtained using a time-correlated single-photon counter on single-pixel imaging,enhancing the lateral resolution of single-point detection and providing in-depth information on the situation.
作者
陈洋
刘博
陈健颖
易皓
CHEN Yang;LIU Bo;CHEN Jianying;YI Hao(National Key Laboratory of Light Field Control Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,CHN;Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Optoelectronic Precision Measurement,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,CHN;Institute of Optics and Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,CHN;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,CHN)
出处
《半导体光电》
北大核心
2025年第1期113-121,共9页
Semiconductor Optoelectronics
