摘要
针对现有基于图像隐写的区块链隐蔽通信方案利用传统深度学习方法面临的抗隐写分析能力低、信息嵌入率低及信息泄露等问题,该文提出一种基于图像多重隐写嵌入的隐蔽通信方案。首先,构造基于隐写器的多重对抗网络,通过生成对抗网络和隐写分析对抗网络的对抗迭代训练,生成更适合信息隐写的载密图像;其次,利用基于位置图信息的密文域可逆信息隐藏方法,将隐蔽信息嵌入至载密图像,生成含完整隐蔽信息的载密密文图像;最后,将载密密文图像存储至IPFS文件返回唯一标识,利用地址映射的方法将该标识存储至区块链网络中实现隐蔽传输。理论及实验结果表明,相较于传统基于深度学习的区块链隐蔽通信方案,该方案具备更强的抗隐写检测攻击能力和更高的信息嵌入容量,同时减少了通信时延。
Objective With the advancement of information technology,information security concerns have become increasingly significant,making covert communication technology a critical area of focus.Existing schemes face limitations regarding embedding rate,anti-detection,and communication efficiency.To address these issues,steganographic embedding methods based on Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)have gained considerable attention.This study utilizes the iterative training of GAN and steganalysis adversarial networks to generate stego-images with enhanced anti-detection capabilities.This approach aims to meet the concealment requirements for secure information transmission,while also improving the communication efficiency and security of the information exchange.Methods This study proposes a blockchain-based covert communication scheme utilizing image multilevel steganography.First,a multiple adversarial network for steganography is constructed,generating stego-images with enhanced anti-detection capabilities through the adversarial iterative training of GAN and steganalysis adversarial networks.Next,a reversible data hiding method in the ciphertext domain,based on location map information,is employed to embed the hidden data into the stego-images,resulting in a stego-images that contains the complete hidden information.Finally,the ciphertext image is stored in the InterPlanetary File System(IPFS)to assign it a unique identity,and then mapped to an address in the blockchain to enable covert transmission.Results and Discussions To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in terms of anti-steganography capability,invisibility,embedding capacity,and communication delay,simulation experiments are conducted.Regarding anti-steganography capability,the stego-images generated by the proposed scheme demonstrate strong anti-detection performance,outperforming the WOW and HILL algorithms(Fig.7).In terms of concealment,the reversible data hiding method in the ciphertext domain,based on location map and spatial domain information,offers high concealment,effectively protecting the image content while enabling lossless restoration(Table 5,Table 6,Table 7).Concerning embedding capacity,the steganography algorithm in this scheme exhibits a high embedding capacity,with an average embedding rate exceeding that of the PBTL,IPBTL,and ERLC-BMPR algorithms(Fig.9).Finally,in terms of communication delay,the proposed scheme results in low covert communication delay,outperforming the DVANET,BDLV,and L-TCM algorithms(Fig.10).Conclusions This paper proposes a blockchain-based covert communication scheme utilizing image multilevel steganography.Simulation experiments validate its advantages in information embedding rate,antisteganography detection capability,concealment,and communication delay.The results demonstrate the following:1.In terms of anti-steganography ability,the anti-detection performance of stego-images generated by SRNet+Zhu-Net significantly exceeds that of the WOW and HILL methods;2.Regarding invisibility and embedding capacity,the proposed reversible data hiding method in the encrypted domain,based on location map and spatial domain information,achieves a high embedding rate and lossless recovery,outperforming the PBTL,IPBTL,and ERLC-BMPR methods;3.In terms of communication efficiency,this scheme significantly reduces communication delay by combining blockchain and IPFS.Future research will focus on homomorphic encryption and identity authentication mechanisms to further enhance the security of on-chain data.
作者
刘媛妮
范飞
赵宇洋
张建辉
周由胜
LIU Yuanni;FAN Fei;ZHAO Yuyang;ZHANG Jianhui;ZHOU Yousheng(College of Cyberspace Security and Information Law,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《电子与信息学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期1126-1139,共14页
Journal of Electronics & Information Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0905300,2023YFB3107405)
国家自然科学基金(62272076)。
关键词
隐蔽通信
区块链
对抗网络
信息隐藏
Covert communication
Blockchain
Adversarial network
Information hiding
