摘要
【目的】明确纤丽瓢虫Harmonia sedecimnotata在室内条件下取食豆蚜Aphis craccivora的生物学特性,为其规模化扩繁提供基础数据。【方法】采用室内控制条件饲养,构建实验种群生命表,研究不同温度条件对纤丽瓢虫生长发育的影响,以及在(26±1)℃时纤丽瓢虫的繁殖特性。【结果】15-30℃时,纤丽瓢虫均能发育,且各阶段的发育历期随温度升高而缩短。纤丽瓢虫卵-成虫历期在15、20、25和30℃时存在显著差异(P<0.001),分别为(42.30±1.21)、(31.86±1.46)、(18.59±0.89)和(15.73±0.87)d。纤丽瓢虫幼虫各阶段和蛹在25℃的存活率最高,分别为95.08%±1.76%、96.18%±1.41%、98.63%±0.97%、94.63%±1.64%和97.80%±1.81%。纤丽瓢虫卵-成虫的存活率在15、20、25和30℃时存在显著性差异(P<0.001),分别为20.00%±2.72%、41.11%±1.57%、64.76%±2.93%和48.89%±1.57%。纤丽瓢虫完成一个世代的发育起点温度为9.411℃,有效积温为300.703日·度。纤丽瓢虫实验种群的雌性比为0.51,产卵期为(79.56±63.59)d,单雌产卵量为(1 289.89±724.70)粒,卵孵化率为77.67%±2.49%,营养卵比例为10.67%±1.25%,雌虫寿命与产卵量呈正相关,世代净增长率(R0)为633.933,平均世代历期(T)为76.828,内禀增长率(rm)为0.084,周限增长率(λ)为1.088。【结论】纤丽瓢虫具有较宽的温度适应范围和较高的繁殖能力,在生物防治方面具有较好的应用潜力。
[Aim] To determine the biological characteristics of the ladybird,Harmonia sedecimnotata,feeding on Aphis craccivora under laboratory conditions,in order to provide basic dates to improve the mass-rearing of this species in captivity.[Methods] A population life table for a captive population fed using controlled feeding was completed,and the effects of different temperatures on the growth and development of H.sedecimnotata were measured.In addition,the reproductive characteristics of the population at(26±1) ℃ are described.[Results] Although all ladybirds could complete their life-cycle at temperatures in the range of 15-30 oC,the development period of each stage shortened with increasing temperature.There were significant differences in the time required to develop from egg to adult at 15,20,25 and 30 ℃(P<0.001),which were(42.30±1.21),(31.86±1.46),(18.59±0.89) and(15.73±0.87) d,respectively.The survival rates of 1st-4th instar larvae and pupae were highest at 25 ℃(95.08%±1.76%,96.18%±1.41%,98.63%±0.97%,94.63%±1.64% and 97.80%±1.81%,respectively).There were significant differences in the survival rate of all life stages at 15,20,25 and 30 ℃(P<0.001),which were 20.00%±2.72%,41.11%±1.57%,64.76%±2.93% and 48.89%±1.57%,respectively.The development threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of a generation of H.sedecimnotata were 9.411 ℃ and 300.703degree·days,respectively.The sex ratio of the experimental population was 0.51,the oviposition period was(79.56±63.59) d,the number of eggs laid per female was 1 289.89±724.70.The hatchability was 77.67%±2.49% and the number of trophic eggs was 10.67%±1.25%.There was a significant,positive correlation between fecundity and female longevity.The net reproductive rate(R0),generation time(T),intrinsic rate of increase(rm) and finite rate of increase(λ),were 633.933,76.828,0.084 and 1.088,respectively.[Conclusion] H.sedecimnotata can complete its life-cycle and has relatively high reproductive capacity at temperatures in the range of 15 to 30 ℃.Consequently,this species should receive more consideration as a potential agent of biological control.
作者
刘志伟
霍立志
LIU Zhi-Wei;HUO Li-Zhi(Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center on Science-Tech of Ecology and Landscape,Guangzhou 510405,China)
出处
《应用昆虫学报》
北大核心
2025年第1期154-162,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology
基金
广州市林业和园林局部门预算项目:林业园林科学技术研究经费-食蚜类瓢虫产业化关键技术研究(穗财编[2023]1号)
广州市科学技术局农业和社会发展科技项目(202206010058)。
关键词
纤丽瓢虫
发育历期
繁殖力
发育起点温度
有效积温
种群生命表
Harmonia sedecimnotata
development period
fecundity
development threshold temperature
effective accumulated temperature
population life table
