摘要
在全球竞争加剧和技术封锁的背景下,关键核心技术作为保障国家产业安全与提升核心竞争力的关键要素,已成为大国博弈的重要战略支点。现有研究主要围绕关键核心技术攻关的内涵界定、影响因素、组织模式、突破路径等方面进行定性或定量分析,缺少对企业主导的关键核心技术攻关研究演进轨迹的系统性梳理。基于政策逻辑与文献计量双重视角,运用科学知识图谱可视化分析方法,选取CNKI数据库2016年1月至2025年2月收录的167篇相关文献,进行文献数据计量、高频词时区划分、热点词聚类及突现词辨析等计量分析。在此基础上,剖析企业主导的关键核心技术攻关研究的演进路径,梳理核心理论框架,并对研究发展趋势进行展望。研究发现:①研究演进与政策导向深度耦合,其发展历程可划分为3个阶段。第一阶段为萌芽—参与期(2016—2018年),以技术攻关的困境诊断与机制改革研究为主,对应“十三五”规划中“强化企业创新主体地位”的要求。第二阶段为发展—深度参与期(2019—2021年),研究聚焦技术识别机制创新与组织模式优化,呼应2020年提出的科技自立自强战略。第三阶段为深化—主导期(2022—2025年),研究转向链主企业引领的协同生态构建与商业化路径延伸,契合党的二十大报告提出的“加强企业主导的产学研深度融合”的部署。②基于动态能力理论与IPO模型,构建涵盖“驱动因素(技术—组织—环境)—攻关路径(自主—协同—商业化)—攻关结果(宏观—中观—微观)”的三维分析框架,揭示企业从技术突破者向生态整合者的角色跃迁机制。③企业主导的关键核心技术攻关的结果变量探究、人工智能与集成电路领域的技术会聚效应、关键核心技术商业化路径的跨学科方法融合等方向成为未来研究的重点。研究系统梳理了企业主导的关键核心技术攻关研究的演进逻辑与知识体系,为深化理论研究和政策实践提供参考。
In the context of intensified global competition and technological blockade,key core technologies directly related to national industrial security and core competitiveness have become an important strategic pivot of the major power game.Since the trade war between China and the United States started in 2018,the problem of technological"bottleneck"has come to the forefront and the academic research on key core technologies has increased.Most existing research mainly focuses on the connotation of key core technology development definition,influencing factors,organizational models,breakthrough paths,and other aspects related to key core technologies,but there is no systematic combing of the evolutionary trajectory of key core technology development research in which enterprises are involved.In this paper,we employ dual perspectives of policy logic and bibliometrics,utilizing the visual analysis method of scientific knowledge mapping.We conduct a bibliometric analysis of 167 relevant pieces of literature from the CNKI database,covering the period from January 2016 to February 2025.Our approach includes high-frequency word time-zone division,hot word clustering,and emergent word analysis to explore the evolutionary path of research on key core technology development with enterprise participation.The study analyzes the evolution of research in this area,compiles a core theoretical framework,and anticipates future development trends.The study finds that:①the evolution of the research is closely linked to policy orientation and can be categorized into three phases:germination—participation period(2016—2018),development—in-depth participation period(2019—2021),and deepening—dominant period(2022—2025).The participation period focuses on diagnosing technological dilemmas and reforming mechanisms.It aligns with the 13th Five-Year Plan,which aims to reinforce the role of corporate innovation.The in-depth participation period emphasizes identifying technology and optimizing a new system for mobilizing resources nationwide.This phase corresponds with the 2020 strategy for scientific and technological self-reliance.During the dominant period,the study transitions to constructing a collaborative ecosystem led by major enterprises of the industrial chain,which is in line with the deployment of"enterprise-led integration of industry,academia and research"as proposed in the resolutions of the twentieth National People's Congress.②Based on the dynamic capability theory and the I-P-O model,we can refine the three-dimensional framework of"driving factors(technology—organization—environment)—path of development(autonomous—synergistic—commercialization)—results of development(macro—meso—micro)".This framework reveals the role leaping mechanism that allows enterprises to transition from technology breakthrough leaders to ecological integrators.③The future focuses are the mission-based innovation of major enterprises of the industrial chain under a new system for mobilizing the resources nationwide,the technological convergence effect in the field of artificial intelligence and integrated circuits,and the fusion of interdisciplinary approaches in the commercialization path of key core technologies.This paper organizes the evolution logic and knowledge system of enterprise-led technology research,providing insights for deepening theoretical research and policy practice.
作者
陈劲
侯二秀
李鑫
尹西明
李易桐
Chen Jin;Hou Erxiu;Li Xin;Yin Ximing;Li Yitong(School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Research Center for Technological Innovation,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Economics and Management,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;School of Management,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;College of Computer Science and Technology,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《创新科技》
2025年第4期1-19,共19页
Innovation science and technology
基金
研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重大项目“打赢关键核心技术攻坚战的目标、主攻方向与对策研究”(23ZDA062)。
关键词
关键核心技术攻关
企业主导
科学知识图谱
文献计量
key core technologies development
enterprise—led
scientific knowledge map‐ping
bibliometrics
