摘要
随着工业化和城市化的快速发展,水体中的重金属和有机污染物含量严重超标,形成了具有联合毒性的复合污染物,对生态系统和人类健康构成了严重威胁。为了给水体重金属-有机复合污染物的微生物修复提供理论依据和技术支持,本研究综述了微生物在水体重金属-有机复合污染物的降解中的作用机制及其应用前景。首先介绍了复合污染物的来源和危害,详细探讨了微生物降解重金属和有机污染物的机制,包括细胞外沉淀、细胞吸附和细胞内解毒等过程;进一步分析了微生物在处理复合污染物时的协同作用,以及影响其效率的关键因素;最后对微生物修复技术在实际水环境治理中的应用进行了展望,并提出了未来研究方向。
With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization,the levels of heavy metals and organic pollutants in waters have seriously exceeded the standards,forming complex pollutants with combined toxicity,which poses a serious threat to the ecosystem and human health.In order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the microbial remediation of heavy metal-organics combined pollutants in waters,this study summarizes the mechanisms of microorganisms in the degradation of heavy metal-organic combined pollutants in water and its application prospects.Firstly,the sources and dangers of combined pollutants were introduced,followed by a detailed discussion on the mechanisms of microbial degradation of heavy metals and organic pollutants,including extracellular precipitation,cellular adsorption,and intracellular detoxification processes;The synergistic effects of microorganisms in treating combined pollutants,and the key factors affecting their efficiency were further analyzed;Finally,the application of microbial remediation technology in practical treatment of water environment was discussed,and the future research direction was proposed.
作者
徐静怡
傅志宏
易锌琴
雷莉
马燕天
张赫
XU Jingyi;FU Zhihong;YI Xinqin;LEI Li;MA Yantian;ZHANG He(College of Life Sciences,Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University,Nanchang 330013,China;College of Life Science,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)
出处
《南昌大学学报(理科版)》
2025年第2期222-232,共11页
Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(32371628)
江西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202411318071,202411318013)。
关键词
复合污染
重金属
有机污染物
协同降解
微生物降解
combined pollution
heavy metals
organic pollutants
collaborative degradation
microbial degradation
