摘要
目的了解成都市某区儿童青少年近视患病现状及影响因素,为制定针对性干预措施提供科学依据。方法按照监测方案,分层随机整群抽取该地区幼儿园至高中阶段(包括普高及职高)监测对象,开展远视力检查和屈光检测,对上述小学4~6年级至高中阶段学生同时开展问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验比较近视率,采用二元logistic回归分析探究近视的影响因素。结果2021—2022年共监测儿童青少年5397人,近视检出率为59.35%。随着学习阶段的升高,近视检出率呈现上升趋势(P<0.05)。影响因素分析发现:女生、走读学生、高中学习阶段、父母近视为近视发生的危险因素(P<0.05);非汉族及2~3个月根据身高调整桌椅高度为近视发生的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论该地区儿童青少年近视患病率较高,近视防控工作任重道远。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and affecting factors of myopia among children and adolescents in a district of Chengdu City,and to provide a scientific basis for the development of targeted intervention measures.Methods According to the monitoring scheme,a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select the monitored subjects from kindergartens to senior high schools(including general high schools and vocational high schools)in the district,and then examination of distant vision and diopter detection were performed.Meanwhile,a questionnaire survey was conducted among students from grades 4-6 to senior high schools in the above-mentioned schools.χ^(2) test was employed to compare the prevalence rates of myopia,and binary logistic regression analysis was applied to exploring the factors influencing myopia.Results A total of 5,397 children and adolescents were surveyed from 2021 to 2022,and the detection rate of myopia was 59.35%.With the increase of learning stage,the detection rate of myopia showed an upward trend(P<0.05).The analysis of influencing factors displayed that females,day students,learning stage of senior high school and parental myopia were risk factors for the occurrence of myopia(P<0.05).Non-Han nationalities and adjusting height of desk and chair based on body height every two to three months were protective factors against myopia(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of myopia among children and adolescents in this district was high.Prevention and control of myopia remains a long and arduous task.
作者
李思齐
邸丽华
温雅
赵晓燕
文艳群
LI Siqi;DI Lihua;WEN Ya;ZHAO Xiaoyan;WEN Yanqun(Chenghua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu,Sichuan 610057,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
2025年第3期325-329,共5页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
儿童青少年
近视
影响因素
children and adolescent
myopia
influencing factor
