摘要
“泛指”是语文辞书中使用频率较高的释义提示词,但是目前并没有关于“泛指”使用的明确规范和标准,“泛指”在语文辞书间和辞书内部存在使用不一致的情况。“泛指”的功能定位为:当某个表示下位义的词语用于表示上位义时,由“泛指”提示这一上位义。作为释义提示词,“泛指”的使用应当是明确且唯一的,具备上下位关系是使用“泛指”的必要条件。文章建议概念外延扩大的词语宜用“泛指”提示其上位义,疑问代词的非疑问用法不宜使用“泛指”,部分理据不明的词语应补充词义的引申由来。
“Generic reference”is a definition prompt frequently used in Chinese dictionaries.However,there are currently no explicit norms for the use of“generic reference”,resulting in inconsistent applications among different Chinese dictionaries and within a dictionary.The functional orientation of“generic reference”is to indicate a superordinate meaning when a word representing a subordinate meaning is used to express the superordinate meaning.As a definition prompt,the use of“generic reference”should be unambiguous and exclusive,and the existence of hyponymy relationship is a necessary condition for employing“generic reference”.The article suggests that words with expanded conceptual extensions should be marked with“generic reference”to indicate their superordinate meanings.The non-interrogative uses of interrogative pronouns should not be marked with“generic reference”.For some words with unclear etymologies,the extended meanings should be supplemented with their derivations.
作者
戴俊豪
DAI Junhao(Research Institute of International Chinese Language Education,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《鲁东大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
2025年第2期15-22,共8页
Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
北京语言大学研究生创新基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)(24YCX021)。
关键词
语文辞书
释义提示词
“泛指”
功能定位
概念外延
上下位关系
Chinese dictionary
definition prompt
“generic reference”
functional orientation
conceptual extension
hyponymy
