摘要
数字化转型是跨国企业突破创新的新引擎。从资源基础理论和交易成本理论的视角,基于2012-2021年间中国A股上市的1588家跨国企业的面板数据,运用面板固定效应回归、二阶段最小二乘法等实证方法,探讨了跨国企业数字化转型对其创新绩效的直接影响,以及跨国企业数字化转型对其研发投入与创新绩效关系的调节作用。结果表明,中国跨国企业的数字化转型对其创新绩效具有显著的正向促进作用;且数字化转型强化了其研发投入对创新绩效的正向影响。异质性检验发现,高新技术行业的跨国企业、大型跨国企业的数字化转型对创新绩效的正面影响更强;国有跨国企业数字化转型的创新效应高于非国有跨国企业。
Digital transformation is a new engine for multinational enterprises to break through innovation.Whether it is empowering digitalization with generative AI,improving the operational efficiency of multinational enterprises,optimizing cross-border business processes;or embedding the competitive advantages of multinational enterprises into the host country's ecosystem and accelerating localization innovation;which can have a positive impact on the innovation of multinational enterprises.However,interruptions caused by work reshaping and process reengineering in digital transformation,difficulties in implementing multi-dimensional digital technologies,and the rise in complex costs such as management costs,learning costs,and coordination costs may all hinder cross-border knowledge sharing,technology transfer,and communication coordination among multinational enterprises.So,what impact does the digital transformation of multinational corporations have on their innovation performance?Existing research mostly analyzes the impact of R&D investment on the innovation performance of multinational corporations from the perspective of resource-based theory.However,there is significant controversy in the conclusions,mainly from different perspectives such as innovation promotion and innovation inhibition.Some scholars have explored the impact of R&D activities of multinational corporations on their innovation performance from different levels.However,there is relatively little research on the moderating effect of the relationship between R&D investment and innovation performance in multinational corporations.From the perspectives of resource-based theory and transaction cost theory,based on the panel data of 1588 multinational companies listed on China's A-share market from 2012 to 2021,it uses empirical methods such as panel fixed effects regression and two-stage least squares regression to explore the direct impact of digital transformation of multinational enterprises on their innovation performance,as well as the moderating effect of digital transformation of multinational enterprises on the relationship between their R&D investment and innovation performance.The results indicate that the digital transformation of Chinese multinational enterprises has a significant positive promoting effect on their innovation performance;and digital transformation has strengthened the positive impact of R&D investment on innovation performance.Heterogeneity testing also found that the digital transformation of multinational enterprises in high-tech industries and large multinational enterprises has a stronger positive impact on innovation performance;the innovation effect of digital transformation of state-owned multinational enterprises is higher than that of non-state-owned ones.The marginal contribution of this paper lies in:firstly,the analysis based on resource-based theory less considers the impact of digital transformation of multinational enterprises on their innovation performance in the digital economy era.It expands the definition of resources and capabilities based on resource-based theory.The digital transformation of multinational enterprises has increased the digital resources and capabilities that enterprises can utilize,such as,digital assets,digital flexibility,digital network capabilities and big data analysis capabilities,etc.These digital resources and capabilities may promote the improvement of innovation performance of multinational enterprises.Secondly,the analysis based on transaction cost theory pays less attention to the moderating effect of digital transformation of multinational enterprises on the relationship between their R&D investment and innovation performance.This study found that digitalization reduces the transaction costs of multinational enterprises in innovation,helps stimulate more innovation,and can strengthen the positive impact of R&D investment on innovation performance of multinational enterprises.Thus,it expands the explanatory boundaries of transaction cost theory.The research findings of this paper provide a new perspective on the importance of understanding the impact of digital transformation on the innovation performance of multinational enterprises.
作者
周伟
黄涵
江宏飞
ZHOU Wei;HUANG Han;JIANG Hong-fei(Economics and Management School of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Business School of Huanggang Normal University,Huanggang 438000,China)
出处
《科学学研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期787-798,共12页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BJY234)。
关键词
跨国企业
数字化转型
研发投入
创新绩效
multinational corporations
digital transformation
innovation performance
R&D investment
