摘要
目的对北京市石景山区肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)疫苗接种前后手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)发病趋势与接种的相关性进行分析,为HFMD的防控策略提供参考。方法汇总“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”2011—2022年HFMD发病资料和“北京市儿童免疫规划信息系统”中提取的2017—2022年北京市石景山区EV71灭活疫苗接种数据、EV71疫苗接种前后6月龄~12岁儿童HFMD发病率和EV71检出率随年份变化趋势,采用无序分类变量Spearman秩相关分析和χ^(2)趋势检验分析EV71疫苗累计接种比例与HFMD发病率、EV71检出率的相关性。结果石景山区6月龄~12岁儿童HFMD发病率在(71.32~2447.7)/10万之间,发病趋势为EV71疫苗接种后HFMD发病强度明显下降;重症病例构成比逐渐降为0,重症病例和EV71感染下降趋势明显,对托幼儿童的保护效果优于散居儿童。但还不能认为6月龄~12岁儿童HFMD发病率、EV71检出率与EV71疫苗接种呈负相关(rs分别为-0.771和-0.638,P分别为0.072和0.173)。结论EV71疫苗接种可有效预防控制HFMD流行,特别是由EV71感染引起的HFMD流行。
Objective To analyze the correlation between the incidence trend and vaccination of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)before and after enterovirus 71(EV71)vaccination in Shijingshan District,Beijing,and to provide a reference for the prevention and control strategies of HFMD.Methods The incidence data of HFMD in children aged 6 months to 12 years before and after EV71 vaccination were collected from the National Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2011 to 2022 and the vaccination data of EV71 inactivated vaccine in Shijingshan District,Beijing from 2017 to 2022 were collected from the Beijing Children Immunization Program Information System,aiming to analyze the variation trend of the incidence rate of HFMD and the detection rate of EV71 in children aged 6 months to 12 years before and after EV71 vaccination with years.The correlation between the cumulative EV71 vaccine vaccination rate and the incidence rate of HFMD as well as the detection rate of EV71 was analyzed by Spearman categorical variable correlation analysis and trendχ^(2)test.Results In Shijingshan District,the incidence of HFMD in children aged 6 months to 12 years ranged from 71.32 to 2447.7/100000,and the incidence trend was that the incidence intensity of HFMD decreased significantly after EV71 vaccination.The proportion of severe cases gradually decreased to zero,the severe cases and EV71 infection decreased obviously,and the protective effect was better on nursery children than scattered children.However,it was not considered that the EV71 detection rate and incidence of HFMD in children aged 6 months to 12 years were negatively correlated with EV71 vaccination.(rs=-0.771 and-0.638,P=0.072 and 0.173,respectively)Conclusion EV71 vaccination can effectively prevent and control the epidemic of HFMD,especially the epidemic caused by EV71 infection.
作者
史曼丽
郭伟杰
任丽君
白晓潇
李艳辉
李敏
SHI Manli;GUO Weijie;REN Lijun;BAI Xiaoxiao;LI Yanhui;LI Min(Shijingshan District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100043,China)
出处
《中国生物制品学杂志》
2025年第3期318-322,329,共6页
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
基金
北京市卫生健康委员会2021年度北京市重大疫情防治重点专科项目(2021135).
关键词
手足口病
肠道病毒71型灭活疫苗
发病趋势
Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)
Enterovirus 71(EV71)inactivated vaccine
Incidence trend
