摘要
康德在《道德形而上学》中集中讨论了爱的概念。然而,对比他在其他文本中的相关讨论,我们可以发现康德不但在使用爱的概念上存在不一致性,而且对作为情感的爱在道德重要性上持有两种看似矛盾的观点。通过区分康德对于爱的广义与狭义应用,康德在概念使用上的问题得以澄清;通过将爱狭义地理解为准则,进而将之视为要求行善的德性义务,爱作为道德情感的性质得以说明:它在道德上的充分性在于它是通过道德行动并在习惯化的过程中被塑造而成的情感;同时,作为实践的爱它仍是情感性的,在道德上发挥的作用仅仅是间接或次要的。
Kant concentrates on the concept of love in the Metaphysics of Morals.However,comparing his related discussions in other texts,we can find that Kant not only has inconsistency in using the concept of love,but also holds two seemingly contradictory views on the moral importance of love as an emotion.By distinguishing between Kant's broad and narrow applications of love,Kant's problematic use of the concept is clarified;by regarding love narrowly as a maxim,and thus as a moral obligation to practice beneficence,the nature of love as a moral emotion is clarified:its moral adequacy lies in the fact that it is an emotion that is shaped through moral action in the process of habituation,while at the same time as a practical love it remains emotional,and morally plays a merely indirect or secondary role.
出处
《伦理学术》
2024年第1期68-90,共23页
Academia Ethica
关键词
康德
德性论
爱的义务
道德情感
道德习惯
Kant
Doctrine of Virtue
Duty of Love
Moral Emotion
Moral Habituation
