摘要
目的:分析经合组织(OECD)国家医疗机构床位配置发展趋势及相关因素,为我国床位资源优化配置提供参考。方法:收集OECD国家公开数据库1991—2022年床位规模数据,基于健康需要和需求理论确定影响维度,利用随机效应模型和相关性分析探索床位配置影响路径。结果:千人口床位配置和平均期望寿命在低于千人口床位平均值国家呈现显著正相关,而在高于千人口床位平均水平国家呈现相反趋势。老龄化程度显著影响长期护理床位增设。居民疾病谱、床位使用效率等多维因素与床位配置显著相关。医疗保险住院和门诊补偿比差异越大,慢性病患者的住院需求越高。结论:适度的床位规模方能实现较高的健康产出。应顺应人口结构变化,布局床位分类规划体系,完善医疗保障支撑体系。
Objective:To analyze the development trend of medical institution bed allocation in OECD countries and provide insights for optimizing bed resources allocation in China.Methods:Data on indicators of bed allocation and related factors from 1991 to 2022 were collected from the OECD online database.Bed allocation impact dimensions were identified based on health needs and demand theories.The random effect model and correlation analysis were used to explore influencing pathways of bed allocation.Results:The number of beds per 1000 population and average life expectancy showed a significant positive correlation in countries below the average bed level,while an inverse trend was observed in countries above the average level.The number of long-term care beds per 1000 population showed positive correlation with average life expectancy.Multidimensional factors such as the disease spectrum and bed utilization efficiency were significant correlated with the bed allocation levels.The greater the gap in inpatient and outpatient reimbursement rations,the higher the demand for hospitalization among patients with chronic disease.Conclusions:An optimal number of beds is essential for achieving higher health outcomes.The bed classification planning system should be designed to adapt to demographic changes and strengthen the medical security support system.
作者
李心言
仇艺童
韩优莉
LI Xin-yan;QIU Yi-tong;HAN You-li(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Research Center for Capital Health Management and Policy,Beijing 100069,China)
出处
《中国卫生政策研究》
北大核心
2025年第2期39-46,共8页
Chinese Journal of Health Policy
基金
国家卫健委卫生发展研究中心委托项目(2023SK000928)
2022年北京市社科决策咨询项目(22JCB053)。
