摘要
Background: Medical plants are a diverse group of commercially important plants thatprovide raw materials for pharmaceuticals, perfumes, flavors, and cosmetics. They includenumerous secondary metabolites and may contain medications. Mahareeb is a Poaceaemedicinal plant containing compounds that prevent infections and boost herbal treatmentsfor pathogen-related diseases. Methods: In this study, the traditional herb Lemongrass(Mahareeb), used as phytomedicines in Gezira State, was examined for phytochemical,GC-MS analysis, antibacterial, antioxidant, and synergistic effects with antibiotics. Bacteriaresistant to medicines and other therapies, which included: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus),Salmonella typhi (Sal. typhi), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli),and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) were examined. The antioxidant activity of theplant was compared to reference molecules using phenols, tannins, flavonoids, DPPH,reducing power, β-carotene, and ABTS IC50 (mg/mL) scavenging. The synergy ofplant-antibiotics was evaluated using disk diffusion, while GC-MS was utilized to determinebioactive components. Results: The results showed that Mahareeb extract inhibited alltested bacteria, and its inhibitory effect increased with the extract concentration. Thephytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, and Terpenoids, butno tannins or saponins were detected. The results demonstrate potential antioxidant efficacyat low concentrations compared to ascorbic acid (A.A.), butylate hydroxytoluene (BHT), andβ-carotene. Antibiotics and plant extracts inhibited testing bacteria to varied degrees. TheGC-MS analysis of Mahareeb revealed the presence of 23 bioactive compounds withretention durations of 5.348-14.123 minutes. The study proposes isolating activecomponents and developing medicines Conclusions:. Mahareeb leaf extract has potential asa supplement to antibiotics, but its efficacy is unclear due to lack of explanation forlimonene and citral suppression and lack of testing under different conditions.
