摘要
在服务业成为主导产业的新发展阶段,服务消费成为扩大内需的重要引擎,财政作为宏观调控的主要手段是否能在服务消费水平增长过程中发挥作用,成为服务经济时代的重要问题。本文基于2007—2021年中国省级面板数据,采用双向固定效应模型研究了财政支出结构对居民服务消费的影响及作用机制。研究发现,财政支出结构的社会偏向性能够促进居民服务消费,该结论在经过内生性检验和稳健性检验后仍然成立。异质性分析结果表明,在东部地区、服务业超越发展阶段和城市,财政支出结构的社会偏向性对居民服务消费的促进作用较强;财政支出结构的社会偏向性对交通通信消费的促进作用最强,医疗保健消费、教育文化娱乐消费次之,最后是生活用品及服务消费;教育支出、社会保障和就业支出对居民服务消费的促进作用显著,科学技术支出、文化体育与传媒支出、医疗卫生支出对居民服务消费的影响不显著。机制分析结果表明,财政支出结构的社会偏向性通过收入效应、集聚效应和创新效应促进居民服务消费。本文的研究结论为更好地识别财政支出促进居民服务消费的实现路径、优化财政支出结构、提升财政支出效率、有效扩大服务消费规模提供了一定的启示。
With the development of the national economy and the improvement of household income levels,service consumption has gradually replaced physical consumption as the most important component of household consumption.However,there is little literature exploring the impact of fiscal expenditures on service consumption from a structural perspective.This article uses provincial panel data in China from 2007 to 2021 to study the impact of optimizing fiscal expenditure structure on residents’service consumption.This article finds that the social bias of fiscal expenditure structure has a crowding‐in effect on residents’service consumption.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the social bias of fiscal expenditure structure is strongest in the eastern region,followed by that in the western region.The social bias of fiscal expenditure structure has a stronger promoting effect on the service consumption of urban residents than that of rural residents.The social bias of fiscal expenditure structure has a stronger promoting effect on service consumption in the stage of service industry‐led development than in the stage of industrial‐led development.The social bias of fiscal expenditure structure has a decreasing promoting effect on four types of service consumption:transportation and communication consumption,healthcare consumption,cultural and educational entertainment consumption,and household service consumption.The employment and social security expenditures in social expenditures have a stronger promoting effect on residents’service consumption than education expenditures.Mechanism analysis reveals that the social bias in the demand side of the fiscal expenditure structure promotes service consumption through income effects,while the social bias in the supply side of the fiscal expenditure structure promotes service consumption through agglomeration and innovation effects.There may be the following research contributions in this article.Firstly,in terms of the research perspective,exploring the role of optimizing fiscal expenditure structure in expanding service consumption can better judge the scope and effectiveness of fiscal expenditure tools,and provide empirical evidence for promoting the value‐added of residents’service consumption and narrowing the gap between urban and rural residents’service consumption.Secondly,in terms of the impact mechanism,analyzing the mechanism of how fiscal expenditure structure affects residents’service consumption from three aspects of income effect,agglomeration effect,and innovation effect not only provides possibilities for understanding the logic of various fiscal expenditures exerting policy effectiveness,but also provides the feasible policy basis for optimizing fiscal expenditure structure and improving fiscal expenditure efficiency in reality.
作者
胡东兰
蔡曦
李勇坚
HU Donglan;CAI Xi;LI Yongjian(School of Economics,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China;National Academy of Economic Strategy,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100006,China;Faculty of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)
出处
《财经问题研究》
北大核心
2025年第3期87-100,共14页
Research On Financial and Economic Issues
基金
安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目“数据要素推动安徽省数实深度融合发展的机理、路径与对策研究”(AHSKYY2023D047)。
关键词
财政支出结构
居民服务消费
社会性支出
fiscal expenditure structure
residents’service consumption
social expenditure
