摘要
航天激光推进技术起源于1972年,是一种新型定向能推进技术。以航天激光推进技术的里程碑事件、应用方案为线索,总结了激光推进技术在卫星单级入轨发射及火星轨道转移、卫星轨道与姿态控制、激光操控空间碎片、激光偏转小行星轨道等方面的研究情况,对比分析了国内外激光微推力器和吸气式激光推进的研究进展。预测了近期研究热点方向:一是已有激光微推力器提高品质、拓展类型、推广应用;二是激光与电推进组合方法,实现比冲大于5000 s;三是化学推进与激光推进混合、电推进与激光推进混合方法。
The space laser propulsion technology originated in 1972,which is a new type of directed-energy propulsion technology.This paper takes the milestone events and application programs of space laser propulsion technology as clues,summarizes research statuses of laser propulsion technology regarding single-stage-to-orbit satellite launches,Mars orbit transfers,satellite orbit and attitude control,laser manipulation of space debris,and laser deflection of asteroid orbits.The domestic and international research progress of laser micro-thruster and air-breathing laser propulsion is compared and analyzed.This paper forecasts the research hotspots in the near future,which are as follows:firstly,the quality improvement,type expansion,application promotion of existing laser micro-thrusters;secondly,the combination method of laser and electric to achieve specific impulse greater than 5000 s;thirdly,the chemical propulsion and laser propulsion hybrid methods,or electric propulsion and laser propulsion hybrid methods.
作者
洪延姬
毛晨涛
叶继飞
邢宝玉
崔海超
蒋陆昀
HONG Yanji;MAO Chentao;YE Jifei;XING Baoyu;CUI Haichao;JIANG Luyun(Department of Aerospace Science and Technology,Space Engineering University,Beijing 101416,China)
关键词
激光烧蚀推进
激光单级入轨发射
激光微推力器
激光烧蚀操控
laser ablation propulsion
laser launch vehicle of single stage to orbit
laser micro-thruster
laser ablation manipulation
