摘要
本试验旨在探究饲料中添加色氨酸(Try)和蛋氨酸(Met)对中华绒螯蟹生长性能、消化能力、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响。采用双因素试验设计,在基础饲料中分别添加0、0.31%、0.63%的L-Try和0、0.33%、0.67%的L-Met,配制成3个Try水平(实际含量分别为0.31%、0.62%、0.94%)×3个Met水平(实际含量分别为0.66%、0.99%、1.33%),共9组等氮等脂饲料,每组3个重复。试验选取初始体重为(50.27±2.20)g的中华绒螯蟹,放养密度为4500只/hm 2。预试期10 d,正试期80 d。结果显示:1)饲料Try与Met水平对中华绒螯蟹生长性能无显著交互作用(P>0.05)。0.94%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),饲料系数显著低于其他水平(P<0.05)。2)饲料Try和Met水平对中华绒螯蟹肌肉中粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。0.94%Try水平及0.99%和1.33%Met水平的肌肉中粗蛋白质含量均显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),粗灰分含量显著低于其他水平(P<0.05)。3)饲料Try与Met水平对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺中胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。0.94%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的肝胰腺中胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),0.62%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的肝胰腺中脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05)。4)饲料Try与Met水平对中华绒螯蟹血清非特异性免疫(除了酸性磷酸酶)和抗氧化指标均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。非特异免疫指标中,0.94%Try水平和0.99%Met水平的血清碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05)。抗氧化指标中,Try水平0.94%的血清过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于其他水平(P<0.05),丙二醛活性显著低于其他水平(P<0.05);0.99%Met水平的血清过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和总抗氧化能力显著高于其他水平(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中适当补充Try和Met可提高中华绒螯蟹的生长性能,Try和Met的添加水平及其交互作用影响了肌肉中粗蛋白质含量、肝胰腺中消化酶活性、非特异性免疫力以及抗氧化能力;综合各项指标得出,饲料中Try和Met水平分别为0.94%和0.99%时效果最佳。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary tryptophan and methionine on growth performance,digestive ability,immune function and antioxidant capacity of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis).In a two-factor experimental design,0,0.31% and 0.63%L-Try and 0,0.33% and 0.67%L-Met were added to the basal diet,nine groups of isonitrogen and isolipid diets were prepared with three Try levels(actual contents were 0.31%,0.62% and 0.94%)and three Met levels(actual contents were 0.66%,0.99% and 1.33%),and each group contained 3 replicates.The Eriocheir sinensis with initial body weight of(50.27±2.20)g were selected,and the stocking density was 4500 crab/hm 2.The pre-experimental period lasted for 10 days,and the experimental period lasted for 80 days.The results showed as follows:1)dietary Try and Met levels had not significant interaction effect on the growth performance of Eriocheir sinensis(P>0.05).The weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein efficiency of 0.94%Try level and 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05),and the feed conversion rate was significantly lower than that of other levels(P<0.05).2)Dietary Try and Met levels had significant interaction effects on muscle crude protein and rude ash content of Eriocheir sinensis(P<0.05).The muscle crude protein content of 0.94%Try level and 0.99% and 1.33%Met level was significantly higher than that of other levels(P<0.05),and the muscle crude ash content was significantly lower than that of other levels(P<0.05).3)Dietary Try and Met levels had significant interaction effects on hepatopancreas pepsin,trypsin,lipase and amylase activities of Eriocheir sinensis(P<0.05).The activities of pepsin and trypsin in hepatopancreas of 0.94%Try level and 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05),the activities of lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas of 0.62%Try level and 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05).4)Dietary Try and Met levels had significant interaction effects on the serum non-specific immune(except acid phosphatase)and antioxidant indexes of Eriocheir sinensis(P<0.05).In the non-specific immune indexes,the activities of alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme in serum of 0.94%Try level and 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05).In the antioxidant indexes,the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in serum of 0.94%Try level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05),and the malondialdehyde content was significantly lower than that of other levels(P<0.05);the activities of catalase,superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity in serum of 0.99%Met level were significantly higher than those of other levels(P<0.05).In conclusion,the appropriate dietary Try and Met can improve the growth performance of Eriocheir sinensis,and the Try and Met supplemental levels and their interaction affect the muscle crude protein content,hepatopancreas digestive enzyme activity,non-specific immunity and antioxidant capacity;comprehensive all indexes,the best results are obtained when the levels of Try and Met in the diet are 0.94% and 0.99%,respectively.
作者
蒋湘辉
王兴兵
李赫
胡宗云
张健
魏洪祥
杨培民
JIANG Xianghui;WANG Xingbing;LI He;HU Zongyun;ZHANG Jian;WEI Hongxiang;YANG Peimin(Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control,Liaoning Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Liaoyang 111000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期1929-1939,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
辽宁省科技厅“辽宁淡水虾蟹绿色养殖关键技术协同创新”(2022JH2/101300286)
沈阳市农村科技特派团(23-411-2-17)。
关键词
中华绒螯蟹
色氨酸
蛋氨酸
生长
体成分
消化酶
免疫功能
抗氧化能力
Eriocheir sinensis
tryptophan
methionine
growth
body composition
digestive enzymes
immune function
antioxidant capacity
