摘要
Phenology shifts influence regional climate by altering energy,and water fluxes through biophysical processes.However,a quantitative understanding of the phenological control on vegetation’s biophysical feedbacks to re gional climate remains elusive.Using long-term remote sensing observations and Weather Research and Fore casting(WRF)model simulations,we investigated vegetation phenology changes from 2003 to 2020 and quan tified their biophysical controls on the regional climate in Northeast China.Our findings elucidated that earlier green-up contributed to a prolonged growing season in forests,while advanced green-up and delayed dormancy extended the growing season in croplands.This prolonged presence and increased maximum green cover in tensified climate-vegetation interactions,resulting in more significant surface cooling in croplands compared to forests.Surface cooling from forest phenology changes was prominent during May’s green-up(-0.53±0.07°C),while crop phenology changes induced cooling throughout the growing season,particularly in June(-0.47±0.15°C),July(-0.48±0.11°C),and September(-0.28±0.09°C).Furthermore,we unraveled the contributions of different biophysical pathways to temperature feedback using a two-resistance attribution model,with aero dynamic resistance emerging as the dominant factor.Crucially,our findings underscored that the land surface temperature(LST)sensitivity,exhibited substantially higher values in croplands rather than temperate forests.These strong sensitivities,coupled with the projected continuation of phenology shifts,portend further growing season cooling in croplands.These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the intricate feedback mechanisms between vegetation phenology and surface temperature,emphasizing the significance of vegetation phenology dynamics in shaping regional climate pattern and seasonality.
基金
supported by the Strategic Pri-ority Research Program(A)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA28080503)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42071025)
the Youth Innovation Promotion Associa-tion of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2023240)
the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory which is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-A06-76RLO 1830.
