摘要
二化螟是水稻上的重要害虫之一,近年来在我国部分地区为害逐渐加重。由于二化螟的幼虫分龄存在一定的难度,而且缺少科学的分龄标准。为此需要对水稻二化螟幼虫的分龄标准进一步进行研究,以便为二化螟的预测预报和防治提供科学依据。试验虫源来自室内稻苗饲养的二化螟种群,二化螟越冬幼虫采自稻田稻桩,利用环境扫描电镜(ESEM)技术,系统研究水稻二化螟幼虫的腹足趾钩数和头宽在不同龄期二化螟幼虫之间的变化特征,为制定科学的分龄标准提供依据。结果表明:水稻二化螟1~6龄幼虫的腹足趾钩数平均分别为6.2、13.0、18.4、30.0、41.0和49.2个;而越冬幼虫腹足趾钩数平均为41.0个。同时,水稻二化螟随着幼虫龄期的增加腹足趾钩数显著增多,各龄幼虫腹足趾钩数的差异性显著,但越冬幼虫的腹足趾钩数与5龄幼虫腹足趾钩数差异不显著。水稻二化螟幼虫1~6龄幼虫的头壳宽度随着虫龄的增大而加宽,平均头宽分别为0.25、0.45、0.68、0.98、1.15和1.31 mm,越冬幼虫头壳宽度平均为1.44 mm,各龄幼虫头宽有显著差异,并且水稻二化螟越冬幼虫的头宽长度最长。利用二化螟的腹足趾钩数和头宽可以准确地将二化螟各个龄期和越冬幼虫加以区分;同时,也明确了基于腹足趾钩数和头宽的二化螟不同龄期幼虫和越冬幼虫的分类标准。
Chilo suppressalis is one of the main pests of rice,and its damage has gradually increased in some areas of China in recent years.Due to the difficulty of the instar classification of Chilo suppressalis larvae and the lack of scientific standard for instar classification,it is necessary to further study the instar classification standard of Chilo suppressalislarvae,so as to provide scientific basis for the prediction and control of Chilo suppressalis.The experimental insect source was got from the the larvae population of Chilo suppressalis raised by the rice seedlings in indoor condition,and the overwintering larvae of Chilo suppressalis were collected from rice piles in paddy fields.By using the environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM)technique,the variation characteristics of the number of crochets on prolegs and head width of Chilo suppressalis larvae at different instars was studied systematically,so as to provide a basis for formulating the scientific standard for distinguishing instars of diferent instar larvae.The results showed that:the average number of crochets on prolegs of Chilo suppressalis larvae from the 1st to 6th instars was 6.2,13.0,18.4,30.0,41.0 and 49.2,respectively,while the average number of crochets on prolegs of the overwintering larvae was 41.0.At the same time,the number of crochets on prolegs of Chilo suppressalis larvae increased significantly with the increase of larval instar.And there were significant differences in the number of crochets on prolegs among different instar larvae.But the number of crochets on prolegs of overwintering larvae was not significantly different from that of the 5th instar larvae.The head capsule widths of Chilo suppressalis larvae(1st-6th instar)was broadened as the instar of the larva increased,which was 0.25 mm,0.45 mm,0.68 mm,0.98 mm,1.15 mm and 1.31 mm,respectively,while the average head width of overwintering larvae was 1.44 mm.And there were significant differences in the head width of various instar larvae,and the overwintering larvae of Chilo suppressalis had the longest head width.The number of crochets on prolegs and head width of Chilo suppressalis could be used to accurately distinguish the various instar larvae and overwintering larvae of Chilo suppressalis.Moreover,the the classification criteria for different instar larvae and overwintering larvae of Chilo suppressalis were also clarified,according to the number of crochets on prolegs and head width.
作者
史晓利
朱凤
刘中现
陆明星
杨洋
SHI Xiao-li;ZHU Feng;LIU Zhong-xian;LU Ming-xing;YANG Yang(Agricultural Technology Comprehensive Service Center of Jiangdu District,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225000,China;College of Plant Protection&Institute of Applied Entomology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China;Jiangsu Green Food Office,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036,China;Jiangsu Cangdong Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224000,China)
出处
《福建农业科技》
2025年第1期62-67,共6页
Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
扬州市科技计划项目(YZ2021093)。
关键词
水稻二化螟
环境扫描电镜
分龄
幼虫
Chilo suppressalis
Environmental scanning electron microscopy
Discriminative instar
Larvae
