摘要
钠离子电池具有原料资源丰富、成本低、低温性能好等优势,被认为是锂离子电池在规模储能、低速电动交通领域的最佳补充甚至替代,引起了人们的广泛关注。硬碳是目前最具实用化潜力的钠离子电池负极材料,其闭孔结构有利于提升低电压平台区容量,但硬碳低电压平台区产生机制还存在争议,且硬碳闭孔结构与电化学性能间的构效关联尚不明确,这严重制约了钠离子电池的产业化进程。本文综述了近年来钠离子电池硬碳闭孔结构的研究进展,首先,总结了硬碳材料闭孔结构的基本定义及储钠机理;随后,重点介绍了不同的碳材料闭孔结构调控方法、闭孔结构分析表征技术,以及闭孔结构和储钠电化学性能之间的关联关系;最后,分析了闭孔结构在钠离子电池硬碳材料电化学性能发挥中存在的问题及挑战,并提出了未来研究的主要发展方向。
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),characterized by low cost and abundant resources,are promising candidates to supplement or even replace lithium-ion batteries in the field of large-scale energy storage.Hard carbon is currently the most useful anode material for SIBs,and its closed-cell structure is beneficial for improving the capacity of the low-voltage plateau region.However,the mechanism of the formation of the low potential plateau region in hard carbon is still controversial,and the relationship between the closed pore structure of hard carbon and electrochemical performance is not yet clear,which limits the industrial-scale manufacture of SIBs.In the study,we review the research progress and recent developments on the closed-cell structure of hard carbon in SIBs.First,we summarize the basic definition and sodium-storage mechanism of closed cell structure in hard carbon materials.Subsequently,we discuss the different methods for regulating the closed pore structure of carbon materials,closed pore structure analysis and characterization techniques,as well as the correlation between closed pore structure and sodium-storage electrochemical performance.Finally,we analyze the problems and challenges in the electrochemical performance of closed cell structures in hard carbon materials for SIBs,and we propose the primary development directions for the future.
作者
王阳峰
侯佳傲
朱紫宸
所聪
侯栓弟
WANG Yangfeng;HOU Jiaao;ZHU Zichen;SUO Cong;HOU Shuandi(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China;SINOPEC Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116045,Liaoning,China;University of Southampton,Southampton SO171BJ,United King)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第2期555-569,共15页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
大连市重点科技研发计划(2023YF14GX021)。
关键词
钠离子电池
硬碳
闭孔
平台区容量
sodium-ion batteries
hard carbon
closed pore structure
platform area capacity
