摘要
木质素是自然界中含量仅次于纤维素的大分子聚合物,也是最丰富的芳香族资源,其独特的分子结构和丰富的官能团使其具有极高的利用潜力,如木质素基碳纳米材料。木质素基碳量子点(LCQDs)作为一种新型的纳米材料,具有原料来源广、环境友好、成本低廉和多功能性等优点,因此LCQDs的发展应用引起了研究人员的广泛关注。笔者首先梳理了目前该类碳量子点的制备方法和策略,包括“一锅法”和“两步法”;然后系统地分类介绍了其在光学、生物医药、化学检测和环境监测等领域的最新应用,如荧光防伪、光催化、抗菌、荧光探针检测与监测等方面。此外,基于木质素分子结构的复杂性和碳量子点的特点和功能特性,如荧光性、稳定性、生物相容性和低毒性,对LCQDs的制备、开发和应用存在的问题进行了总结,并对其后续发展进行了展望,将为木质素的高值化利用提供更全面的借鉴,为新型材料开发提供新思路,对于林业资源利用和生物质基材料发展具有重要意义。
Lignin is the second most abundant macromolecular polymer in nature after cellulose,and it is also the most plentiful aromatic resource.The unique macromolecular structure and abundant functional groups of lignin provide great potential for its high-value utilization,such as in lignin-based carbon nanomaterials.Lignin-based carbon quantum dots(LCQDs),as a new type of nanomaterials,offer advantages such as wide availability,environmental friendliness,low cost,and multifunctional.Thus,the development and application of LCQDs have attracted extensive attention from researchers.In this study,the latest research progress of LCQDs was reviewed from preparation strategies to a wide variety of applications.Firstly,the current preparation methods and strategies of this carbon quantum dots were clarified,including“one-pot method”and“two-step method”.Then the latest applications of LCQDs in the fields of optics,biomedicine,chemical detection and environmental monitoring were also systematically introduced,such as fluorescence anti-counterfeiting,photocatalysis,antibacterial,fluorescence probe detection and monitoring.These applications,which are mainly based on the optical properties of LCQDs to achieve functionality,all fall within the scope of optical applications.In fact,LCQDs have a variety of excellent properties,which facilitated it favorable in many other potential application fields,such as electronic devices,biosensing and cosmetics.In addition,this study summarized the problems in the preparation,development,and application of LCQDs,considering the complexity of lignin s molecular structure and the characteristics and functional properties of carbon quantum dots such as fluorescence,stability,biocompatibility and low toxicity.The future development of LCQDs was suggested.Considering the complexity of lignin molecular structure and the features and functions of carbon quantum dots,the potential challenges in the development and application of LCQDs were also discussed.In the future,the utilization of LCQDs needs multidisciplinary collaborative research to solve problems encountered.For example,emerging nanofabrication technology can bring new possibilities for the innovation and development of LCQDs,helping them evolve into high-performance new materials.Additionally,surface modification of LCQDs by introducing hydrophilic polymers and bioactive molecules to improve their biocompatibility may be necessary in the future.Overall,this study provides a more comprehensive reference for the high-value utilization of lignin and offers a new perspective for the development of new materials.This is of great significance for the utilization of forestry resources and the development of biomass-based functional materials.
作者
王汉敏
吴瑞清
吴雨纯
李小虎
李凤凤
侯庆喜
WANG Hanmin;WU Ruiqing;WU Yuchun;LI Xiaohu;LI Fengfeng;HOU Qingxi(State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking,Qilu University of Technology,Shandong Academy of Sciences,Jinan 250353,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期13-24,共12页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(22208248)
天津市制浆造纸重点实验室(天津科技大学)开放基金(202203)
生物基材料与绿色造纸国家重点实验室开放基金(GZKF202316)。
关键词
木质素
碳量子点
木质素利用
光学应用
环境监测
lignin
carbon quantum dots
lignin utilization
optical application
environmental monitoring
