摘要
为探讨黑龙江省1990-2022年期间粮食生产能力及影响因素,本研究基于统计年鉴数据,分析黑龙江省粮食生产能力及变化情况,探明粮食生产发展阶段;结合新质生产力,从劳动者、劳动资料、劳动对象等角度构建指标体系,采用主成分分析法探讨粮食生产影响因素,并提出发展建议。主要结论如下:(1)粮食总产量呈现先增长后稳定趋势;粮食播种面积呈现先稳定后增长再稳定趋势;粮食单产呈现先增长后稳定再增长再稳定趋势;(2)粮食总产量的增加主要是由于高产作物产量增加以及高产作物播种面积扩大;黑龙江省高产作物种类较少,粮食单产与南方省份差距较大;粮食结构发生变化,由1990年七大作物变为2022年玉米、水稻和大豆三大作物,粮食作物种类减少、种植结构多样性降低;(3)在1990年至2015年粮食产量增长受生产资料与生产对象的影响较大;从2016年至2022年粮食产量趋于稳定时受劳动者和生产资料的影响较大,逐渐摆脱生产对象的影响。并从加快发展新质生产力角度提出对策建议。
To explore the grain production capacity and influencing factors in Heilongjiang Province from 1990 to 2022,this study analyzed the grain production capacity and changes in Heilongjiang Province based on statistical yearbook data,and explored the development stages of grain production;Based on the new quality productivity,an indicator system is constructed from the perspectives of laborers,labor materials,and labor objects.Principal component analysis is used to explore the influencing factors of grain production,and development suggestions are proposed.The results were summarized as follows:(1)The total grain output shows a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing;The planting area of grain shows a trend of first stabilizing,then increasing,and then stabilizing again;The yield of grain shows a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing,then increasing and then stabilizing again;(2)The increase in total grain production is mainly due to the increase in high-yield crop yields and the expansion of high-yield crop sowing areas;There are relatively few high-yield crop species in Heilongjiang Province,and there is a significant gap in grain yield compared to southern provinces;The grain structure has changed from the seven major crops in 1990 to the three major crops of corn,rice,and soybeans in 2022,with a reduction in the variety of grain crops and a decrease in the diversity of planting structures;(3)The growth of grain production from 1990 to 2015 was greatly influenced by the means of production and the objects of production;From 2016 to 2022,when grain production tends to stabilize,it is greatly influenced by laborers and means of production,gradually getting rid of the influence of production objects.And propose countermeasures and suggestions from the perspective of accelerating the development of new quality productivity.
作者
姜涛
王峭然
宋英赫
韩琳
梁晨
姜造宇
郑秀翠
JIANG Tao;WANG Qiaoran;SONG Yinghe;HAN Lin;LIANG Chen;JIANG Zaoyu;ZHENG Xiucui(Heilongjiang Provincial Research Institute of Spatial Planning,Harbin 150090,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Benyuan Land and Resources Survey and Planning Technical Service Center Co.,Ltd,Harbin 150090,China;Tieli Municipal Service Centre of Spatial Planning,Tieli 152599,China;Tieli Municipal Integrated Service Center of Water Conservancy Technology,Tieli 152599,China)
出处
《黑龙江国土资源》
2024年第5期31-42,共12页
Heilongjiang land and Resources
关键词
黑龙江省
粮食生产
影响因素
主成分分析
新质生产力
Heilongjiang Province
grain production
influencing factors
principal component analysis
new quality productive forces
