摘要
大国凭借自身资源支配能力、市场监管能力、标准制定能力与话语建构能力,分别运用强制性技术权力、结构性技术权力、制度性技术权力与生产性技术权力参与人工智能技术竞争,寻求获得技术实力、技术监管与技术治理层面的竞争优势。美国运用强制性技术权力,限制竞争对手获得先进技术资源,延缓后者的技术发展速度,以维护自身非对称技术优势。此外,美国凭借本土企业的优势地位,通过政府与企业间技术联盟,运用结构性技术权力影响其他国家的技术发展轨道与政策选择。欧盟则更多运用制度性技术权力,依托自身监管能力与市场规模优势,通过制定技术监管规则与治理规范,将欧洲监管模式向外辐射,寻求获得技术监管与治理层面的国际领先地位。中国通过宣言、倡议等形式,构建符合自身国家利益与价值观的话语体系,在全球人工智能技术生态体系中运用生产性技术权力,塑造人工智能技术的发展方向与治理进程,提升自身在技术治理层面的竞争力与国际影响力。
Focusing on the field of artificial intelligence,the major powers leverage their capabilities in resource control,market regulation,standard-setting and discourse construction to participate in international technological competition. With its abundant technological resources and first-mover advantages,the US employs compulsory technological power to restrict its competitors' access to advanced technological resources,thereby decelerating their development in artificial intelligence to maintain its own asymmetric technological advantage.Furthermore,through technology alliances between government and enterprises and its domestic companies' advantageous positions,it exercises structural technological power so as to influence the other nations' technological development trajectories and policy choices. In contrast,the EU predominantly exercises institutional technological power,leveraging its regulatory capabilities and market scale advantages to establish regulatory rules and governance standards,projecting European regulatory models externally to achieve international leadership in technological regulation and governance. China,through declarations and initiatives,promotes a discourse system aligned with its national interests and values. By exercising productive technological power within the global AI technology ecosystem,China shapes the direction of AI technology and governance process and enhances its competitiveness and international influence in technological governance.
出处
《欧洲研究》
北大核心
2025年第1期24-52,I0002,I0003,共31页
Chinese Journal of European Studies
基金
对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目批准号:24QD28)的资助。
