摘要
莫迪政府执政以来,印度加强印度教民族主义海外动员,作为印度南亚近邻且有悠久印度教传统的尼泊尔首当其冲。印度国民志愿服务团尼泊尔分部日趋活跃,推动印政教力量大力介入尼内政;在尼泊尔的马德西人及其地位问题成为印介入尼内政的主要议题之一;印介入尼内政,还得到尼国内部分亲印度和亲印度教政党积极响应。印加强介入尼内政,既有应对尼国内高涨的反印度民族主义情绪的考虑,也有推进其“婆罗多”叙事下对尼泊尔领土想象的因素,还有与美国争夺对尼泊尔等南亚国家影响力的考量。印度加大力度推进对尼的印度教民族主义动员,提升了一些尼泊尔民众的印度教民族主义情绪,导致尼国内保守势力开始重新活跃,一些世俗主义政党和精英人士也开始被动介入印度教民族主义议题。当前印度正利用对尼的硬实力控制和软实力影响,同时印美竞相介入和干预正导致域内国家政局不稳现象增多,这对尼泊尔安全和地区秩序稳定产生了较大影响。
India has intensified the overseas mobilization of Hindu nationalism Since the Modi government,with a special focus on Nepal,one of India's neighbors in the region which enjoys a long-standing Hinduism tradition.The HSS Nepal branch of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh(RSS),an Indian nationalist organization,has become increasingly active,pushing for greater involvement of Indian political and religious forces in Nepal's internal affairs.The issue of the Madhesi people and their constitutional status in Nepal has become one of the main topics through which India intervenes in Nepal's internal affairs.This involvement has also received a positive response from some pro-India and pro-Hindu political parties within Nepal.The increased intervention is driven by several factors:addressing the rising anti-Indian nationalist sentiment in Nepal,advancing its territorial imagination of Nepal under the“Akhand Bharat”narrative,and competing with the United States for influence over Nepal and other South Asian countries.By intensifying the mobilization of Hindu nationalism in Nepal,India has heightened Hindu nationalist sentiments among some Nepalese people.This has led to the re-emergence of conservative forces within Nepal and drawn secular political parties and elite figures into the Hindu nationalist discourse.Currently,India is leveraging both hard and soft power influence over Nepal.The competitive intervention and interference by India and the United States are leading to increased political instability in the region and thus have tremendous impacts on the stability there.
出处
《现代国际关系》
北大核心
2025年第2期89-107,149,150,共21页
基金
2023年度上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“印度右翼政治思潮崛起及其内政外交影响研究”(项目批准号:2023BGJ007)阶段性成果。
关键词
印度教
国民志愿服务团
尼泊尔
南亚
Hindu nationalism
overseas mobilization
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Nepal
South Asia
