摘要
以煤矸石作为原料成功合成了煤基分子筛,通过对分子筛扫描电镜、X射线衍射进行形貌和结构的表征研究,结合盆栽试验施加于实际盐碱土中,探究其对盐碱土壤理化性质和土壤酶活的改良效果。结果表明,制得的分子筛表面光滑,结晶度好,比表面积达到24.28 m^(2)/g;盆栽试验中与对照相比,煤基分子筛处理组显著减少了土壤中盐分含量,并降低盐碱土壤pH和碱化度。当施加配比为30%时,效果最佳,土壤pH从9.7下降至8.7,盐分降至9.1 g/kg,碱化度从17%下降至7%,还使土壤速效钾和有效磷含量分别增加到6.5 mg/kg和140.5 mg/kg;土壤酶活性研究表明,与对照相比,煤基分子筛处理组土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的酶活分别增强到139.7,19.11 mg/(kg·d)和32.2 mg/(kg·d)。综上所述,以煤矸石为原料制备的煤基分子筛有效改良盐碱农田土壤,提高土壤养分。
The coal-based molecular sieve successfully synthesized by using coal gangue as raw material.By studying the morphology and structure of the molecular sieve through scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction,combined with pot experiment,it was applied to practical saline soils to explore the improvement effect of its physical and chemical properties of saline soil and soil enzyme activity.The results showed that the prepared molecular sieve had smooth surface,good crystallinity and a specific surface area of 24.28 m^(2)/g.In the pot experiment,compared with the control group,the coal based molecular sieve treatment group significantly reduced the salt content in the soil,and reduced the pH and alkalinity of the saline soil.When the application ratio was 30%,the soil pH decreased from 9.7 to 8.7,salinity decreased from 9.1 g/kg,alkalinity decreased from 17%to 7%,and soil available potassium and available phosphorus contents increased to 6.5 mg/kg and 140.5 mg/kg,respectively.The study on soil enzyme activities showed that compared with the control group,the enzyme activities of urease,sucrase and catalase in the coal based molecular sieves treatment group were increased to 139.7,19.11 mg/kg and 32.2 mg/kg,respectively.In conclusion,the coal-based molecular sieves prepared with gangue as raw materials can effectively improve saline farmland soil and improve soil nutrients.
作者
黄旭迪
刘甜
牛浩泽
赖潘民旺
张蕾
徐世彦
郭军康
HUANG Xudi;LIU Tian;NIU Haoze;LAIPAN Minwang;ZHANG Lei;XU Shiyan;GUO Junkang(School of Environment Science and Technology,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Shaanxi Fruit Industry Research and Development Center,Xi’an 710021,China)
出处
《应用化工》
北大核心
2025年第1期131-136,146,共7页
Applied Chemical Industry
基金
陕西省科技创新团队项目(2022TD-09)
陕西省重点产业链项目(2024NC-ZDCYL-02-15)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022ZDLNY03-08)。
关键词
煤矸石
分子筛
盐碱地
土壤改良
土壤酶活
coal gangue
molecular sieve
saline soils
soil improvement
soil enzyme activity
