摘要
目的系统评价老年人发生口腔衰弱的影响因素。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、the Cochrane Library从建库至2024年7月5日发表的有关老年人口腔衰弱影响因素的文献,由两名研究人员对文献进行独立筛选和数据提取,并进行文献质量评价。采用Stata 16.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入16篇文献,总样本量9146例,其中口腔衰弱发生人数为3021人,合并影响因素17项。Meta分析结果显示,吸烟[OR=3.92,95%CI(1.62~9.46),P=0.002]、身体衰弱期[OR=2.47,95%CI(1.31~4.65),P=0.005]、身体衰弱前期[OR=1.74,95%CI(1.29~2.34),P<0.001]、年龄[OR=1.37,95%CI(1.24~1.51),P<0.001]、女性[OR=1.76,95%CI(1.28~2.41),P<0.001]、营养不良[OR=1.26,95%CI(1.05~1.51),P=0.015]、饮食类型以荤菜为主[OR=2.15,95%CI(1.52~3.05),P<0.001]、饮食口味嗜咸[OR=2.88,95%CI(1.27~6.53),P=0.011]、口腔健康自我效能[OR=12.53,95%CI(4.66~33.73),P<0.001]、月收入[OR=6.60,95%CI(3.53~12.35),P<0.001]、合并其他慢性病[OR=2.26,95%CI(1.28~3.99),P=0.005]是老年人口腔衰弱的危险因素;文化水平高[OR=0.12,95%CI(0.06~0.24),P<0.001]、膳食多样性[OR=0.77,95%CI(0.62~0.96),P=0.022]是老年人口腔衰弱的保护因素。结论吸烟、身体衰弱期、身体衰弱前期、年龄、女性、营养不良、饮食类型以荤菜为主、饮食口味嗜咸、口腔健康自我效能、月收入、合并其他慢性病是老年人发生口腔衰弱的危险因素,文化水平高、膳食多样是其保护因素。临床医护人员应重点关注上述高危人群,尽早采取干预措施,以降低老年人口腔衰弱的发生率,提高老年人的生活质量。
Objective To systematically evaluate the related influencing factors of oral frailty in the elderly.Methods CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies about the influencing factors of oral frailty in the elderly from the establishment of the databases to July 5,2024.Two researchers independently screened and extracted data from the literature,and conducted literature quality evaluation.Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software.Results 16 articles were included,with a total sample size of 9146 cases,of which 3021 cases developed oral frailty,and 17 factors were combined.The results of Meta-analysis showed that smoking[OR=3.92,95%CI(1.62-9.46),P=0.002],period of physical frailty[OR=2.47,95%CI(1.31-4.65),P=0.005],period of physical pre-frailty[OR=1.74,95%CI(1.29-2.34),P<0.001],age[OR=1.37,95%CI(1.24-1.51),P<0.001],female[OR=1.76,95%CI(1.28-2.41),P<0.001],malnutrition[OR=1.26,95%CI(1.05-1.51),P=0.015],and type of diet:meat-based[OR=2.15,95%CI(1.52-3.05),P<0.001],dietary taste:salty[OR=2.88,95%CI(1.27-6.53),P=0.011],oral health self-efficacy[OR=12.53,95%CI(4.66-33.73),P<0.001],monthly income[OR=6.60,95%CI(3.53-12.35),P<0.001],comorbid other chronic diseases[OR=2.26,95%CI(1.28-3.99),P=0.005]were risk factors for oral frailty in the elderly;high literacy level[OR=0.12,95%CI(0.06-0.24),P<0.001],and varied diets[OR=0.77,95%CI(0.62-0.96),P=0.022]were protective factors for oral frailty in the elderly.Conclusion Smoking,period of physical frailty,period of physical pre-frailty,age,female,malnutrition,diet type of meat-based,diet taste of salty,oral health self-efficacy,monthly income,and comorbid other chronic diseases were risk factors for oral frailty in the elderly,and high literacy level and varied diets were protective factors.Clinical medical staff should focus on the above high-risk groups and take intervention measures as early as possible to reduce the incidence of oral frailty and improve the quality of life of the elderly.
作者
康静
蒋运兰
李滔
宋爽
易晓冬
杜秋凤
KANG Jing;JIANG Yunlan;LI Tao;SONG Shuang;YI Xiaodong;DU Qiufeng(School of Nursing,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610032,China;Office of the President,Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610072,China)
出处
《数理医药学杂志》
2025年第2期121-132,共12页
Journal of Mathematical Medicine
基金
四川省卫生健康委员会医学科技项目(重点研发项目)(21ZD007)。
