摘要
以1948—2020年人均可支配收入数据为基础,分析近70年美国省域间、经济区之间以及各经济区内部省域间的区域收入不平等演变特征及空间分异。结果表明:1)美国人均可支配收入逐年递增,但是存在地区差异。省域间或经济区之间的人均可支配收入差距逐年减小,且具有1948—1980年省域间或经济区之间人均可支配收入差距快速缩小与1981—2020年趋于平稳缓慢缩小的阶段性特征;2)远西地区内部省域间人均可支配收入差距最大,依次是落基山脉地区、新英格兰、中东部、东南部、西南部、中北部平原和五大湖地区。各经济区内部省域间的人均可支配收入差距存在“俱乐部收敛”特征,即组内差异高的远西地区与落基山脉地区、组内差异较高的新英格兰、中东部与东南部与组内差异较低的西南部、中北部平原和五大湖区;3)人均可支配收入呈现东部与西部高于中部、北部高于南部的地区差异特征。以新英格兰和纽约州为核心的东北地区与以加利福利亚州、夏威夷和华盛顿州为核心的远西地区是美国居民收入最高的区域,南部地区收入水平最低。
Based on the data of per capita disposable income(PCDI)in 1948-2020,this paper analyzed the evolution and spatial differentiation of PCDI among provinces,economic regions and provinces within economic regions in the United States over the past 70 years.The results are as follows:1)The PCDI in the United States has steadily increased over time,regional disparities exist.The PCDI gap among states or economic regions has decreased year by year with phased characteristics.In 1948-1980 the PCDI gap among states or economic regions narrowed rapidly,and tended to converge steadily in 1981-2020.2)The largest income gap was observed in the far west,followed by the Rocky Mountains,New England,the Middle East,the southeast,the southwest,the North Central Plains and the Great Lakes region.The PCDI gap among regions within each economic zone exhibited the“club convergence”characteristic,with high intra-region disparities in the far west and Rocky Mountains,moderate disparities in New England,the mid-east,and the southeast,and lower disparities in the southwest,north central plains,and the Great Lakes regions.3)The PCDI demonstrated regional differences,with higher income levels in the east and west compared to the central U.S.,and in the north compared to the south.These two regions,the northeast region with New England and New York as the core and the far west region with California,Hawaii and Washington as the core,had the highest PCDI in the United States.
作者
蔡永龙
刘松
唐婷楠
李文辉
CAI Yonglong;LIU Song;TANG Tingnan;LI Wenhui(School of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,550025,Guiyang,PRC;Guangzhou Academy of Social Sciences,510410,Guangzhou,PRC;School of Geography,South China Normal University,510631,Guangzhou,PRC)
出处
《江西科学》
2025年第1期74-81,共8页
Jiangxi Science
基金
广东省软科学研究计划项目(2024A1010020004)
广州市社会科学院2024年度青年课题(7935022)
广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划2023年度课题(2023GZGJ27)。
关键词
人均可支配收入
收入不平等
区域协调发展
空间分异
美国
per capita disposable income
income inequality
regional coordinated development
spatial differentiation
United States
