摘要
我国区域协同立法经历了萌芽初显、积极探索、制度突破三个变迁阶段。变迁历程中,区域协同立法呈现出上级督导色彩愈明显、立法实践领域愈拓展、协同立法合作方式愈多样、具体工作模式愈创新等特点。区域协同立法在实践层面取得了不错的成效,但依旧面临着协同主体范围有待厘清、协同立法质量有待提升、上级立法机关过度控制等现实困境。在区域协同立法制度刚进入突破期的阶段,可尝试建立人大协同立法与政府行政协议互补机制以满足现实需求。待区域协同立法制度进入成熟期后,再通过修改《立法法》《地方组织法》的方式将地方政府正式纳入区域协同立法主体范围。地方立法竞赛的氛围下,各地方应当秉持理性而务实的态度推进区域协同立法,在实质层面,应当理性考察区域协同立法项目的必要性;在形式层面,应当尽量选择以地方性法规方式,而非以立法性决定方式进行协同。最后,上级立法机关对下级区域协同立法活动的指导具有必要性,但上级立法机关应适当调整自身定位,指导而非领导下级立法机关进行协同立法。
China's regional cooperative legislation has undergone three distinct phases:initial emergence,active exploration,and institutional breakthrough.Throughout this evolution,regional cooperative legislation has exhibited several notable trends:an increasingly evident influence of superior oversight,an expanding scope of legislative practice,a growing diversity of cooperative legislative approaches,and the emergence of innovative specific work modes.While regional cooperative legislation has yielded positive practical outcomes,it continues to confront several significant challenges.These include the need to clarify the scope of cooperative subjects,enhance the quality of cooperative legislation,and address the issue of excessive control exerted by higher legislative authorities.As the regional cooperative legislation system enters its breakthrough phase,efforts should be made to establish complementary mechanisms between cooperative legislation and government administrative agreements to address practical needs.Following the maturation of the regional cooperative legislation system,local governments should be formally integrated into the framework of regional cooperative legislation through amendments to the Legislation Law and the Local Organization Law.In an environment characterized by local legislative competition,a rational and pragmatic approach is essential to promote regional cooperative legislation.The necessity of regional cooperative legislation projects should be thoroughly assessed at a substantive level.At the procedural level,coordination should occur through local regulations rather than legislative decisions.Lastly,while higher legislative bodies should guide regional cooperative legislative activities,it is crucial for these bodies to adjust their roles appropriately,offering guidance rather than imposing leadership on lower legislative entities.
作者
韩雯薇
HAN Wenwei(Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao,China,999078)
出处
《广东开放大学学报》
2024年第6期42-52,共11页
JOURNAL OF GUANGDONG OPEN UNIVERSITY
基金
2023年度广东省本科高校教学质量与教学改革工程项目成果之一“‘逻辑-过程-目标’三维交叉融合的跨境数据法治人才培养策略研究”(粤教高函[2024]9号)。
关键词
区域协同立法
立法主体
立法质量
立法构想
regional cooperative legislature
regional cooperative legislative bodies
quality of regional collaborative legislation
legislature framework
